318 LEPIDOPTERA. 



mata, and between these stripes are faint longitudinal lines. 

 It fed on clover and went into the chrysalis state Sept. 21st." 



The two remaining genera have broad wings, and are black- 

 ish, with numerous transverse waved lines. The edges of the 

 wings are scalloped, the palpi are very long, and the head nar- 

 row between the ej'es, thus showing their affinities to the 

 Phalcenidce. The species of Ho^noptera are of a dark ash 

 color. H. lunata Drury has a lunate discal spot. 



Erebus is a gigantic moth, with the outer margin xqyj 

 oblique and a large, incised, discal spot and sublunate margi- 

 nal spots. Our large, blackish species, dark as night, is Ere- 

 bus oclora Drury ; it expands about five inches. The magnifi- 

 cent, pale gray Erebus Agrip2')ina Cramer (E. strix of 

 Fabricius) inhabits Brazil ; it expands nearly ten inches. 



pHAL^NiDyE Latreillc (Geometridm) . The Geometrids are 

 easily known by their slender, finely scaled bodies and broad 

 thin wings, which in repose are not folded roof-like over the 

 body, but are spread horizontally and scarcely overlap each 

 other. The antennge are usually pectinated. They are deli- 

 cate, pale, often greenish or yellowish moths, and fly more by 

 day than the Noctuids. The palpi are short and slender, and 

 the tongue, or maxillae, is weak and short. 



The larvae rarel}^ haA'e more than ten legs, some having foui'- 

 teen, and a few (Metrocampa and Ellopia) twelve. Thus from 

 the absence of legs on the basal rings of the abdomen, the larvae 

 are loopers, or geometers, as grasping the object on which they 

 are walking with their fore legs, they bring the hind legs close 

 up to the fore legs, thus making a loop like the Greek letter 

 Omega. The}^ nsuallj^ let themselves down b}' spinning a 

 silken thread, hence they are sometimes called "Drop-worms." 

 "When about to pupate, the larva either spins a slight, loose, 

 silken cocoon, or conceals itself under a covering of leaves 

 fastened together with silk, or biu-ies itself in the ground 

 without any cocoon, while Harris states that a very few fasten 

 themselves to the stems of plants and are changed to chrj'sa- 

 lids, which hang naked and suspended by the tail. The pupa 

 is long, slender, conical, generallj' smooth, sometimes with 

 lateral protuberances on the head, and usually dark brown, but 



