MUSCID^. 



411 



the larva state live in decaj-ing vegetable matter and in privies. 

 They are smaller flies than the foregoing genera, with smaller 

 alulae, and the fourth longitudinal vein of the wing is straight, 

 thus leaving the first posterior cell fully open. The larvie are 

 generally mucl^ like those of the meat-fl}^, but are thicker, 

 while others, described as belonging to this genus, are said to 

 be flattened and hairy. 



The Eadish-fly, Anthomyia raphani Harris, abounds in the 

 roots of the radish, the fly appearing towards the end of June. 

 Another species, the Onion-fl}^, Anthomyia ceparuin (Fig. 332), 

 causes the leaves of the onion to turn yellow and die from 

 the attacks of the larvje in the roots. The larvaj mature in 

 two weeivs, transform in the root, and two wrecks later disclose 

 the flies. Mr. Walsh 

 suggests that the 

 larvffi may be de- 

 stroyed by pouring 

 boiling hot water 

 over the young 

 plants, which, with- 

 out injuring the on- 

 ions, destro^^s the 

 maggots. The Rg. 332. 



Seed-coi'n Maggot, the larva of Antliomyia zece Riley (Fig. 344, 

 p. 419, a, larva; b, puparium ; c, keriiels eaten), destroys, 

 in New Jersey, the kernels of sprouted corn before it comes up. 

 The Cabbage maggot, the larva of A. brassicoi Bouche, a com- 

 mon fly in Europe, has been found in Michigan to be injurious 

 to the cabbage. (Riley.) The hairy maggots of A. cunicularis 

 or an allied species, live in rotten turnips. (Harris.) The pu- 

 parium (Plate 3, fig. 5, 5a) of another species has been found 

 by Mr. F. AV. Putnam in the nests of tlie humble bee. 



In Ortalis the front is quite prominent, the clypeus is greatly 

 developed, the opening of the mouth wide, and the proboscis 

 much thickened. This genus comprises variously banded and 

 spotted flies, which ma}- be seen walking along leaves vibrating 

 their wings. They feed on the leaves, and afterwards the 

 pulp3^ fruit of the cherry, olive and orange. Another Onion- 

 fly, discovered by Dr. Shinier in Illinois, is the Ortalis Jiexa 



