474 



COLEOPTERA. 



Fig. 445. 



the Church-yard beetle. Dr. Pickells states, according to West- 

 wood, that "one of these beetles was immersed repeatedly 

 in spirits of wine, but revived after remaining therein all 

 night, and afterwards lived three years." The larvae are eaten 

 by the women in Eg3'pt, after being roasted. 



In Upis the legs are long, with small tibial spurs, while the 

 tarsi are clothed beneath with a silky, golden pubescence, the 



hind tarsi being long, and 

 the epipleurai are gradually 

 narrowed towards the base 

 of the elj'tra. Upis ceram- 

 boides Liim. is a fine large, 

 deep purple black beetle, 

 with roughl}^ shagreened 

 elytra, and is found under 

 the bark of trees. In Tene- 

 brio the body is long ovate 

 and winged, the legs are 

 slender, the femora swollen less than usual, Avith larger til)ial 

 spurs ; the tarsi are clothed Avith a rigid pubescence, and the 

 epipleurse extend to the tip of the elytra. Tenebrio moUtor 

 Linn., the Meal worm, is found in all its stages about corn 

 and rye meal; it is frequently swallowed with food. "It is 

 also very destructive to ship-biscuits packed in casks, which 

 when opened are found eaten through in holes by tliese insects 

 and their larvce." (Westwood.) The larva is about an inch 

 long, cylindrical, smooth and glossy, with the terminal seg- 

 ment semicircular, slightly serrated on the edges, and termi- 

 nated in a single point. An allied beetle in Brazil is known 

 to eject a caustic fluid, and in Europe some are known to cover 

 themselves with this fluid. In Boletophagus the antennae are 

 eleven-jointed and the eyes are entirely divided. ' B. cornutus 

 Panzer (Fig. 445, ?, a, larva ; &, pupa, ^), as its name im- 

 plies, lives in those fungi, which, according to Dr. Leconte, 

 either grow upon trees or under bark, and may be known by the 

 front of the head being prolonged and margined anteriorly and 

 on the sides, covering the mouth above, often thus dividing 

 the eyes, while the dull black body is covered with stout tuber- 

 cles. It is found in all its stages in fungi, in August. The 



