102 Journal New York Entomological Society. ^^'°^- xxiii. 



A megacephalic condition is met with in occasional individuals, 

 particularly of the male sex; in some of these males the head is fre- 

 quently not only disproportionately swollen, but the face at the 

 clypeal suture suddenly sunken in, thus affording an unusual and dis- 

 tinctive appearance. In such specimens the pronotum is, as a result, 

 more enlarged cephalad than is normal. 



The wings are often fully developed as organs of flight or very 

 greatly aborted in the same species irrespective of sex, and the teg- 

 mina also vary from an elongate condition to one of decided ab- 

 breviation. It is true that some species with extremely abbreviate 

 tegmina apparently never develop a form having long tegmina or 

 wings, but these are rare and, as in many other groups of Orthop- 

 tera, the majority of the species exhibit both macropterous and 

 brachypterous or micropterous forms. Throughout the present paper 

 we have referred to the macropterous and micropterous condition, 

 using these terms in application to the wings only and not to the 

 tegmina. 



The length of the ovipositor varies greatly in the majority of the 

 species and has been proven by experiment to be chiefly influenced 

 by local soil conditions.^ 



The foramen on the inner face of the cephalic tibia is always 

 membranous and distinct in macropterous specimens, but in the 

 brachypterous condition of the same species this opening varies in- 

 dividually from that type to one in which it has completely disap- 

 peared. In all forms of the present group the foramen on the outer 

 face of the cephalic tibia is always the largest, membranous and dis- 

 tinct. This organ appears only when the adult condition is reached. 



The number of spines on the dorsal margins of the caudal tibia 

 is never absolutely constant in material of a single species, nor is the 

 relative length of the six distal spurs. In these respects, however, 

 different species do show different averages. 



In a great number of species the general coloration is very dark 

 and the color pattern almost obliterated. In such species, the color 

 pattern appears fully only in specimens of recessive coloration, which 

 gives such material a distinctive appearance. 



1 See Lutz, The Variation and Correlations of Certain Taxonomic Char- 

 acters of Gryllus, pp. 1-63 (1908). 



