Pomona Colleue .Ioihnai. ok Kntomoi.doy 697 



liiidy (if the larvir, it was fomid tli.il lli( y wire a|i|iar<'ritly as liappy as- if if wen- 

 jmri- iKtrolttiin. For iiislaiiii-. |>itr<>I(iiiii was inixtcl with ktrosiiic, half mid 

 half, with xylol, hciiziiic. clovi- oil. cedar oil. and tiirpriitinr. ami iiom- of lin-sc 

 inixtiircs had any apiiarcnt f\ il effect npon the hirvii-, even aflir tliey had heen 

 in the licjuids for as lonfj; as four or five days. Keyond this len^jth of tinii- tlie 

 test was not made, hnt I have no donlit hnt that l.irvie could lie reared to niatiirit\ 

 in any of tlie above combinations with petroleum. 



Animal and plant life seems to be able to adapt itself to almost any con- 

 ceivable conditions of cnviromnent, and this instance only adds one more dlus- 

 tration. thoujjli a most extraordinary oui', to the list which is already louff. Hoth 

 to the popular reader who is .alw.iys interested in "strange" things, and to the 

 Tuan who is interested in .ill e\ ohition.-iry adaptation, this study should Im- of 

 Iwith interest and value. 



Explanation of Figure 



A. Tracheal system of larva, dorsal view, showing two p.iirs of spiracles .iiul 



connecting tracheic. 

 U. Lateral view of posterior portion of s.iuie. showing; infirior braiu'h. 

 ('. Posterior portion of oiu- seguurit. showin-; chitinous spines on surface. 

 I). ."Section through posterior spinicular process, cnlarftcd. showing three 



stijfinata. 

 K. Cross section of traj'lieal tube between stigm.at.'i .and sac. showing; he.ivilv 



chitini/.ed wall .and internal cilia. 

 !•'. .\nterior spiracle, with retr.action bcfrun. 

 (i. Tij) of same, more enlarged, showing f.ieetted stigmata. 

 H. Tirminal vii-w of |)ostirior spiraeul.ir process, showing live stigmntfl and 



four ciliate f.ans. 

 1. I'.pitheli.'il cell of veiitrieulus greatly eril.irgi'd, showing large nuclei and 



vacuoles. 

 .1. Cross section of ventrieulus. showing iiour inv.agin.ation ( .■') with Imueii 



collapsed. 

 K. I.ongitudiii.'il section of pr(i\ ( ritrieulus .and ventrieulus to its tirst turn. 



showing wli.at appears to be ,in iiiv;igin.ilion of the latiral wall. (cf. de- 

 scription in text). 



Bibliography 

 I87!l Hagen. H. — Flies in a Petroleum Lake. .S.int.i Cruz County. California. 



Proc. Boston Soc. .N.at. Hist., XX. p. I.'it. I'robably .a true Ephiidra 



breeding in brackish w.ater of lake, not in petroleum. 

 !H!)<) HownnL Dr. L. O. — Life-history and figures of same. .Sciiiititic .Vmerican. 



p. 8 (copied above). 

 18!)!) Howard. Dr. L. O. — Life-history .and (igures of s.iuu-. .'^ciintiric .\merican. 



LXXX. p. 7.^ (resume given above). 

 IK!)!) Howard. L. (>. and Co<iuillet M. nlion of sanu'. F.nton)ologist. p. -J.'C"'. 



Other works consulted 



1!)10 Williams. V . X. — .Vn.atomy of the Larva of Ci-ciilomifia rcninicolo'ulct Wil- 

 liams. Ann. F.nt. ."^oc. .Am.. 111. i)p. i.'i-.')?. (A midge living in exuded 

 pine resin). 



1911 Shafer, (uo. I).— How ( ontact Insecticides Kill. .Mich. Agric. Coll. F,xp. 

 Station, Tech. Bull. 11. 



