Pomona roi.i.KOF. Joirnm, of Knt(>mi)i,<x;v 779 



the last spot in tlic row just iiisidi- form two trroiij)s of tlin-i- spots facli, m-nr 

 the posti'rior cikI. (TIip location of tlics*- spots can he easily ascertained from 

 the draw iiifr, which is accurate, having hecii made from a fresh specimen under 

 tlie camera liicida.) Anal plate well rounded, hairy, hrown. Coriiirlrs — (Fij?- 

 ure U*) similar to those of the win^icd form in shape and color, hairy; len(;tli 

 ()..'}.") mm., width of base O.nU mm. />','/••>■ — As in the wint^ed form. Imt hind lept 

 much loiifjer. iS7///f — Ob.solete. 



Young — The younj; are reddish-hrown without the whitish powder, which 

 is not secreted until the insects an- nearly Krown. 



Hosts — Collected hy the writer on the limhs of Salir Uit riynlii Hehli. and 

 S. inacrostachya Nutt. feeding; in larf;c colonics near the ground. In no eiuse 

 were they found more than four feet ahove the surface of the ground. David- 

 son rejjorts it on the Narrow Leaved Willow N. fluviatilis Nutt. in the northern 

 part of the State, and on Salir sp. in the middle part of the State. It has been 

 reported on Willow in the Central States, in Kn^land on N. (Iapli<iiii)itli s. and 

 in other parts of Europe on N. vimiiialLi, from which it was prolmhiy named, 

 and S. cincrea. So far as known, it feeds on nothing: hut the Willow trees. 



Localily — This species has a very wide distrihutiou in this country, having 

 been reported from all parts. In California it is also widely distributed. 

 Davidson reports it from tlii' middle part of the State in the vicinity of Stan- 

 ford I'niversity. The writer has obtained specimens from Fredcriik Maskey 

 of the State Horticultural Commission, who collected it in the Imperial Valley, 

 fix)m Claremont, \'entura and Santa I'aula. At the last-named place it is very 

 abundant. 



Pair of Colhclioii — August 11. l!)l(l. and Auf;ust ."). l!tll. It is plentiful 

 throughout the summer months. Serial number 4. 



This is indeed a ver.v distinct and interesting species. Though some have 

 doubted the synonymy of the American form (L. diutaliis Le Haron) and the 

 European form (L. liiniiialis Konsc. i, there is no doubt in my own mind that 

 they are the sjime sjjeeies. I have studied the insect with great interest, com- 

 paring its habits with those of the English species, as des<'ribed by (Jeo. H. 

 Buekton in his .Monograph of British Aphids, pages 53-57. As he states, the 

 species collect in large colonies (,n the bark near the ba.ses of the trees, each 

 insect lying closd.v against its neighbor, forming a compact living uui.ss. Then 

 there is the' method of keeping otT preying insects. The long hind legs are .so 

 attached that the.v may be brought above the body in a perpendicular position, 

 and whenever there is even the slightest disturbance the hind legs of every in- 

 sect — great and snuiU — are set into a furious kicking motion over the IxKly. As 

 all of the insects face the same way. any interfering object is soon kicked 

 away from the colony. This action is aceomplishctl without moving any other 

 part of the body — the abdomen renuiining always in its normal position. That 

 the kicking is to ward otT parasites and the pn-dators. cannot l>e doubted, for. 

 having examined thowsamls of eohuiies. I failed to .see but a very few para- 

 sitized, and in no case were there to be found the larva; of the Syrphid tlies, 

 though it docs not .seem possible that the kicking of these creatures couhl keep 



