352 PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. 



Norway, Me. (Smith), and has been found at Thornton and Shelburne, N. 

 H. (Faxon). It will probably prove to be rare in the elevated regions of 

 northern New Hampshire and Maine. 



15. Nyniphalis y. album Scudd. occurs throughout New England, 

 although very rare in the northernmost portions. In the White Moun- 

 tain district and its vicinity it is abundant, as it doubtless is through all 

 that portion of New England lying north of the isotherm of 40°, for the 

 spring months. Mr. Roland Thaxter mentions it as exceedingly common 

 at Suncook, but it is much less so at Milford (Whitney). 



16. Papilio Aiiiiopa Linn. This butterfly is apparently distributed 

 over the entire breadth of the Northern Hemisphere below the arctic 

 circle, as far as the thirtieth parallel of latitude in America, and the 

 fortieth in the old world. It is found in nearly equal abundance through 

 all parts of New England, so numerous, indeed, as to become positively 

 injurious on account of the damage done by the caterpillar to some of our 

 choicest ornamental trees. 



17. Aglais Milbcrti Scudd. This insect is found throughout New 

 England, but is extremely rare in the southern portions. Probably the 

 isotherm of 23" for the winter months would mark the limit of its abun- 

 dance. It is rather common in Walpole, Dublin, Milford, and the Isles of 

 Shoals. Still farther north it is very abundant, often the commonest 

 species in its season, and is plentiful even in the White Mountain region 

 itself. 



18. Vanessa Atalanta Fabr. This butterfly enjoys a very extensive 

 geographical range, extending over nearly the whole of the North Amer- 

 ican and European continents. I believe it is found plentifully, and in 

 nearly equal numbers, through every part of New England, although there 

 is no record of its capture in the heart of the White Mountain region. 

 As the abundance of this species is more than ordinarily affected by the 

 action of parasites, the records of a single year for any locality are com- 

 paratively valueless. 



19. Vanessa Hitntera Hiibn. It is far more common in the southern 

 than in the northern portions of New England, and is wholly wanting in 

 the White Mountain district, although occurring as far north as Quebec. 

 The northernmost localities from which it has been reported are Water- 

 ville, very few (Hamlin), and Norway, Me. (Smith), and Milford, N. H., 

 scarce (Whitney). 



