INSECUTOR INSCITI^ MENSTRUUS 53 



Simiilium], but considerably larger, as large as a grain of 

 wheat ; the body is nearly grayish black, with six or eight 

 bands, rising from the under side toward the back. The wings 

 are whitish, with gray veins, shining, and towards the light 

 with a tint of red. Middle of the body (thorax) hairy, espe- 

 cially on the under side ; the femora and tibiae with white rings. 



"This mosquito has chosen as its principal place of abode 

 the valleys and clefts in the mountains ; but it is not unknown 

 in the forests of Lapland, nor in the upper part of Sweden. 

 Everywhere it appears in less numbers and does not attack in 

 such dense armies of warriors as the foregoing species 

 [Simulium sp.], but is individually far more valiant. It does 

 not seek out a pore in the skin, but at once, even before it has 

 gotten firmly settled on the skin, it wounds and stings as if 

 with a needle, preferring the face, and it cannot easily be 

 scared away." 



Linnaeus's statement that the thorax is hairy, especially be- 

 low, strongly indicates that alpinus is an earlier name for 

 nigripes Zett. A'edes nigripes Zett. (Ins. Lapp., 807, 1838) 

 is the predominant arctic species in Scandinavia. It is repre- 

 sented in Greenland by the closely allied innuitus D. & K. 

 (Ins. Ins. Mens., v, 166, 1917), and on the arctic shore of the 

 Candian Northwest Territory by nearcticus Dyar (Rept. Can, 

 Arctic Exp., iii, Part C, 32, 1919), all of these forms with the 

 same long thoracic vestiture, but differing in details of the 

 male genitalia. 



Henriksen & Lundbeck in their "Groenlands Landarthro- 

 poder," give a comprehensive bibliography of Culex nigripes 

 Zett., treating it as an arctic species from Lapland, Spitzbergen, 

 Greenland, Boothia-Felix, Grinnell Land, etc. The American 

 forms should undoubtedly be separated as indicated above. 

 The synonymy may stand as follows : 



Aedes alpinus Linn. 



Culex pipiens Linnaeus (in part not Linn.), Syst. Nat., ed. x, 



602, 1758. 

 Culex alpinus Linnaeus, Flora Lapp., 2d ed., 381, 1792. 

 Culex nigripes Zetterstedt, Ins. Lapp., 807, 1838. 



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