98 Journal Xew York Entomological Society. [Vol. xix. 



cheeks as long as the eyes. Eyes and ocelli rather small. Mandibles edentate. 

 Clypeus convex but ecarinate, with rounded, entire anterior border. An- 

 tennae slender ; scapes extending fully one-half their length beyond the pos- 

 terior margin of the head; first funicular joint but little incrassated at the 

 apex, as long as the second. Thorax long and robust, broader than the head ; 

 base of epinotum convex, nearly as long as the declivity, which is abrupt and 

 somewhat flattened. Petiole low in profile, thick at the base, narrowed towards 

 the summit, with a moderately sharp border; seen from behind, it is transverse 

 and deeply excised in the middle Gaster and legs of the usual shape, the 

 latter slender, with large pulvilli. 



Body shining, finely and densely shagreened. Mesonotum with a few 

 scattered foveolse. 



Pilosity and pubescence similar to those of the worker, but the hairs are 

 shorter and the pubescence is more delicate and somewhat denser, at least on 

 the gaster. 



Body and appendages deep black ; bases of genital valves piceous ; pul- 

 villi white. Wings like those of the female, but slightly paler. 



Described from numerous specimens of all four phases taken Jan- 

 uary I, 1911, from five colonies, which I found nesting in the ground 

 under large stones among the chaparral at an altitude of about 1,000 

 feet at the mouth of San Ysidro Canyon in the Santa Ynez Mountains 

 near Santa Barbara, California. 



C. anthrax closely resembles the typical C. fallax Xyl. of Europe 

 and our North American var. ncarciicus Emery, but is readily distin- 

 guished by its deeper black color, the larger, more shining and later- 

 ally more convex head of the soldier, the peculiar sculpture and pubes- 

 cence of its gaster and the 6-toothed, instead of 4-5-toothed mandibles. 

 The head of the worker major is, indeed, much like that of C. sayi 

 Emery and the gaster in sculpture and pilosity resembles that of 

 certain forms of C. hcrculeanus, e. g., the var. zuhymperi Forel. The 

 new species dilYers, moreover, from the other members of the fallax 

 group in habits, since it nests in the ground and not in dead wood. 



