EARTH-MASON CATERPILLARS. 207 



goat-moth (Ccssiis ligniperda). From having been 

 driven amongst the moist clay, these perforations be- 

 came filied with it, and the grubs of the ephemeree 

 found them very suitable for their habitation; for the 

 v/ood supphed a more secure protection than if their 

 galleries had been excavated in the clay, [n these 

 holes of the wood v/e found several empty, and some 

 in which were full grov> n grubs.* 



Nats of Ephetntrain holes ofCosiUS. 



The architecture of the grub of a pretty genus of 

 beetles, known to entomologists hy the name of Ct- 

 cindelay is peculiarly interesting. It was first made 

 known by the eminent French naturalists, Geofiroy, 

 Besmarest, and Latreille. This grub, which may 

 be m.et with during spring, and also in summer 

 and autumn, in sandy places, is long, cylindric, soft, 

 whitish, and furnished with six brown scaly feet. The 

 head is of a square form, with six or eight eyes, 

 and veiy large in proportion to the body. They have 

 strong jaws, and on the eighth joint of the body there 

 are two fleshy tubercles, thickly clothed with reddish 

 hairs, and armed with a recurved horny spine, the 

 whole giving to the grub the form of the letter Z. 



With their jaws and feet they dig into the earth to 

 the depth of eighteen inches, forming a cyhndrical 

 cavity of greater diameter than their body, and fur- 

 nished with a perpendicular entrance. In construct- 



* J. R. 



