CONTENTS. XI 



Page 



History of the American ftZ^g-^/, 178 



Account of, by Mr Knapp, 180 



Singular mistake of Mr Swainson, 183 

 Savigny's theory respecting the suckers of insects, ib. 



Origin of the word bug, 184 



History of the bed-bug, 185 



Spirited description of, by Goldsmith, ib. 



Sucker of the water-bug, 187 



Muscular strength of the flea, 188 



Fleas kept for amusement, ib. 



Sucker of the flea, ib. 



Quaint description from Mouffet, 189 



Anecdote of Christina, Queen of Sweden, 190 



Preventive of fleas, 191 



Chigoe of the West Indies, ib. 



Dangerous experiment by a friar, 192 



Danger of gnat bites, 193 



Description from Pliny, ib. 



Observations of Reaumur, 194 



Sucker of the gnat described, 195 



Mode of its operation, 196 



Only female gnats bite, 198 



Mistakes of Kirby and Swammerdam, ib. 



Extraordinary accounts of gnats, 199 



Irish gnats, 200 



Gadflies and cleg, 201 



Observations of Reaumur, 202 



Savigny's theory, 203 



Objections thereto, 205 



SECTION III.— SOCIAL AND DOMESTIC HABITS OF 

 INSECTS. 



CHAPTER IX. — Pairing of Insects. 



Causes of sociality, 206 



Illustrated from spiders, quadrupeds, and birds, ib. 



' Pairing ' as it refers to insects, 208 



Cannibalism among fish and spiders, 209 



Distinctive marks of the sexes, 210 



Stag-beetle, horned wasp, and humble-bee, 211 



Male and female of a mason-bee, 213 



Male and female moths and butterflies, 214 



Male and female dragon-flies, ib. 



Wingless females, 215 



Mistakes from similarity, ib. 



Males probably guided by smell, ib. 



Sembling of the London collectors, 216 



