118 TRANSACTIONS OF THE 



mound-builders were Indians, and that many Indians built mounds. 

 While small burial mounds were frequent and widely distributed, 

 the larger mounds and earthworks with circumvallation — once 

 probably crowned with palisades — were confined to narrower limits. 

 The old theory that attributed these remains to an extinct high 

 grade of civilization seemed to be well nigh abandoned. 



Dr. Gregory said that he had held to the old theory until he had 

 become convinced of its error, and described a large mound, some 

 fifty feet high, that he visited in Minnesota, which gave conclusive 

 evidence of its comparatively recent structure. Depressions were 

 still to be seen close about the foot of the mound, from whence 

 material had apparently been taken to aid in forming the mound. 



Seventh Annual and Eighty-Ninth Regular Meeting, 

 January 20, 1885. 



Major J. W. Powell, President, in the Chair. 



The Secretary of the Council announced the electi(fn of John 

 Addison Porter and H. L. Reynolds as active members of the 

 Society, and advisee! the Society of the death of Dr. Henri Martin, 

 of Paris, France, and Dr. R. J. Farquharson, of Des Moines, Iowa, 

 corresponding members of th'i Society. 



The Treasurer then submitted his annual report. 



On the motion of Col. Mallery, the President appointed Messrs. 

 Bates, Baker, and Holmes a committee (composed of members out- 

 side the Council) to audit the accounts of the Treasurer. 



This session being the time for the annual election of officers, the 

 balloting for officers resulted as follows : 



President T- W. POWELL, 



f ROBERT FLETCHER. 

 LESTER F. WARD. 

 Vice-Presidents . . . . j gaRRICK RLVLLERY. 



[OTIS T. MASON. 

 General Secretary . . . S. V. PROUDFIT. 



Secretary to the Council . . F. A. SEELY. 



