10 THE TONER LECTURES. 



instances is more pronounced posterioi'ly than anteriorly. The line 

 of the suture when complete answers with an approach to accuracy 

 to the attachment of the masseter muscle ; and the existence of the 

 suture might in some instances be found associated Avith the traction 

 of this muscle. 



In skulls which had been in a measure disintegrated by the 

 action of the air, and sunlight and heat — in a word, which had been 

 " weathered " — a distinct texturing was seen at the two parts of the 

 bone. A beautiful instance of " weathering," demonstrating the 

 texture of the bone, was seen in a skull of a California Indian (No. 

 1683), as well as in a Peruvian (No. 939, A. N. S.) In like man- 

 ner fractures of the bone as shown in a skull of a Tahitian (No. 

 1016, A. N. S.), indicate the same difference in texture of the two 

 parts. 



This difference, in brief, is as follows : The superficial lines of the 

 upper part are concentric, or nearly so, with the orbital margin, and 

 the interior is composed of rounded cancelli, while the superficial 

 lines of the lower part are parallel with the inferior free margin of 

 the bone and the cancelli are coarsely laminated. 



2d. The obliquity of the malar bone depends more upon the lower 

 border than the upper part, and is associated with a change in the 

 zygomatic process of the squamosa. The arch being viewed from 

 above, the entire inner contour of the process last named can be 

 seen in skulls in which the malar ^especially at the lower jjart) 

 is much deflected, as in Peruvians, while the posterior part only of 

 the inner contour can be seen in skulls of low degree of malar 

 deflection, as in negroes. 



The degree of obliquity is independent of size. It is marked in 

 in a Tschutki skull, A. N. S., where the malar bone is small. 



In skulls of high degree of malar deflection, as in Malays and 

 Chinese, the under surface of the zygomatic process of the squamosa 

 is inclined inward from without and outward from below, while 

 those in which the degree of deflection is small, as in negroes, it is 

 nearly straight. 



