A CLINICAL STUDY OF THE SKULL. 37 



By posterior inspection (by the rhiual mirror) — whether the choance 

 are of unequal size; whether the left middle turbinal is more verti- 

 cally disposed than is the right ; whether the vomer is distinctly 

 contoured, or the contour is indistinct by reason of lateral swell- 

 ings ; whether the inferior turbiuals are protruding into the naso- 

 pharynx ; whether the superior turbinals are or are not visible ; 

 whether the choansB and the septum at the choanre retain the em- 

 bryonic form. 



From this loug list it may easily be inferred that the interior of 

 the nasal chamber yields many points for elucidation. 



In the study of the nasal chambers of the cranium the parts, 

 while assisting at every stage the demonstration as made in the liv- 

 ing subject, soon awaken in the mind of the .observer separate lines 

 of inquiry. It is not, therefore, desirable to confine observation to 

 the clinical field, and I have arranged the results of my research 

 under heads which appear to be more convenient. 



The bones of which the chambers are composed will be treated 

 under diflferent heads. Many of the examples selected showed 

 more than one peculiarity. In a Peruvian skull,^ for example, the 

 middle turbinals, anteriorly, were small and primitive, the left bone 

 being the smaller. The septum was deflected to the left along the 

 entire length of the ethmo- vomerine suture. The left uncinate pro- 

 cess was anchylosed to the ethmoid cells. 



Each of the points named in the foregoing description will appear 

 under a distinct heading. The parts which have been made the 

 subject of special inquiry are the following : 



1. The Middle Turbinated Bone. 



2. The Parts which enter into the Composition of the Septum. 



3. The Choante. 



4. The Floor of the Nasal Chamber. 



5. The Deviations of the Septum. 



6. The Region at which the Frontal Bone forms Part of the 



Nasal Chamber. 



7. The Anterior Part of the Lateral Mass of the Ethmoid Bone. 



iNo. 1705. 



