48 THE TONER LECTURES. 



numbers of examples may be cited which do not answer to the ac- 

 counts given by writers. 



In the child, from the fourth to the eighth year the nasal portion 

 is never furnished with a spine, but, in its place, with a plate which 

 extends the entire length of the iuterval between the nasal and 

 ethmoid bones.^ The plate joins the perpendicular plate of the 

 ethmoid bone inferiorly. A shallow groove on either side of the 

 plate defines the roof of the nasal chamber at this place. 



The nasal plate of the frontal bone is very rarely united to the 

 perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone. That there exists in the 

 nasal chamber, in the races other than the Negro, an occasional, 

 and in the Negro a frequent, absence of bony union between the 

 two component parts of the septum, is an interesting fact. 



Good examples of such apposition without union are seen in 

 Nos. 951, 957 (Narragansett Indians), No. 651 (Araucanian), and 

 No. 13 (Chinese). In the Army Medical Museum at Washing- 

 ton out of twenty Negro crania the jmrts above named are open 

 in fifteen. 



Care should be taken not to confound a fissure of absorption in 

 the perpendicular plate with the form of retention as above de- 

 scribed. A defect of this kind is noted in a Peruvian skull.^ 



Among the examples in ;ivhich the conversion of the nasal plate 

 into the nasal spine takes place it is interesting to observe the 

 great size which may be attained. In a Negro^ the spine was found 

 to be nearly as large as the nasal bone. In two Araucanian* skulls 

 the processes are also very large. 



The nasal spine is found in an Afghan" skull to form part of 

 the periphery of the external nose where it was lodged between the 

 nasal bones. 



Good examples are also seen in an Egyptian" and in a Nubian^ 

 skull. 



^ Good examples are presented in Nos. 426, 670, Chinese (A. N. S.). 

 'No. 1705. sjsTo. 914. 



*Nos. 790, 792. ^No. 735. 



6 No. 1317. • ^No. 829. 



