56 THE TONER LECTURES. 



bera aud para-tubera, and the iuterval between tbetn (viz., the obe- 

 lion and the post-ebelion ) is on a lower plane than the occipital 

 angle, the variety of skull named by Prof. Cleland, " trilobate," is 

 defined. Trilobate skulls have been found by Prof. RoUeston ' in 

 the barrows of England. In the College of Physicians, No. 87, 

 Carniolian, and No. 10, Hollander, exhibit the peculiarity. I have 

 detected one in a Peruvian, another in N. A. Indian (No. 7-47, 

 A. N. S.), and a third in a Tschutchi Indian (No. 3, A. N. S.). An 

 imperfectly developed form is seen in a Nantucket Indian child* 

 aged 12 years. W. H. Flower gives an example in Catalogue Os- 

 teol. Collection, Col. of Phys. and Surgeons, Lond., 1879, 172. The 

 natiform skull of congenital syphilis appsars to hd of the same 

 nature as the tribolate. 



The 2)ost-coro)ial depression is often associated with the general 

 roundness and fullness of contour of the frontal bone just in front 

 of the coronal suture. This is well seen in No. 1492, Peruvian 

 (A. N. S.), aged five years, and in 890, Ibid. 



Instead of the coronal depression being marked the bregma may 

 be greatly depressed, the sagitta shortened, and the occiput knobbed. 

 Such crania are frequently seen, and in the liviag subject make it 

 exceedingly difficult to determine accurate measurements from the 

 line into which the bregma enters. The subjects are apt to exhibit 

 hyperostosis of the sutures of the hard palate, and to have small 

 choanse. Examples are seen in two Italiau skulls in the College of 

 Physicians (Nos. 110 and 113). 



Occasionally a depression is seen above the temporal ridge and 

 corresponds to the curve of this elevation. It is well seen in an 

 Esquimaux cranium (No. 677, A. N. S.). 



The Ridges of the Vertex. — The ridges of the vertex are those at 

 the sagittal suture, above the temporal ridge, and at the sides of the 

 obelion and the post-obelion. 



The ridges of the sagittal suture constitute the carinations de- 



1 " The precipitous dip downward of the posterior half of the parietals 

 which is so characteristic of brachycaphaly generally. — Ibid, p. 682. 



