^^ CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY [Bllll. 



(1916) mistakes the reduced first aiitennal segment for this sclerite in 

 tlie culicids, etc._ An antennifer, or process upon which the antenna 

 pivots IS found in the Diptera shown in Fig. 1, G, H, etc., in which it 

 bears the label af. Peterson (1916) designates the sockets in which 

 the antennae are attached as the ''antennal fossae", but it is prefer- 

 able to refer to them simply as the antennal sockets, since the desio-na- 

 tion antennal fossae is applied to the grooves in which the ant«mae 

 he, m the higher Diptera, and this usage of the designation antennal * 

 tossae is the one generally accepted by most dipterists. 



The location of the points of attachment of the antennae varies 

 greatly m ditferent Diptera; and the extent of such areas as the face 

 or facies, etc is largely determined by the position of the points of 

 attachment of the antennae. Thus in the Phoridae, for example the 

 antennae are situated far down the head, on the "oral margin", 'and 

 the face or facial region, is thereby reduced to a negligible a?ea, while 

 m such forms as L^ichoptem, etc., the antennae are situated high in 

 the dorsal region of the head, and the facial region is of correspond- 

 ingly greater extent in this fly. ^ 



The points of attachment of the antennae mav be far removed 

 dorsally from the frontoclypeal suture (i. e., the suture fcs demrki^L' 

 the hinder region of the postclypeus poc of Fig. 1, B and L) or the 

 pomts.o attachment of the antennae may be located in htimme^! 

 ate neighborhood of the frontoclypeal suture (i. e., /.. of Fig. 1, H 

 and J) The amount of variation in the location of the antennae 

 with reference to the frontoclypeal suture is as great in the OrthorX! 

 pha Brachycera shown m J and L of Fig. 1, as it is in the \em-it 



ZV'TJIZ ^ ""^'^ '' ""'^r ''• '^^ ''''' ^^ ^•-^-- does not\'p;e:; 

 OvfW 1.^ 1 importance m distinguishing the Nematocera from the 

 Oithorrhapha Brachycera (as Hendel considers to be the case). The 



S™ to do '^T^l'^'f "f"f ' ^^'^ ^^ ^'^^- '' J ^-^^^^^^' 1-----^ ha^ 

 ennae^on t]? .^ f frontoclypeal suture), above the base of the an- 

 tennae, on the other hand, is a feature of considerable importance in 

 d^tinguishing the Cyclorrhapha from the Orthorrhapha Brachycera 



?he ct: w fwh 1 '^'^ ^'f "^"f '' '^'' '''''''' ^' niore^constant than is 

 tne case with the frontoclypeal suture. 



In the^tipulid sho^n in Fig. 1, F, the mouth parts are directed for- 

 ward; and the long axis of the head lies more nearly in the same 



teT^::if" f"' Y^- f"7 "*■ '^^' }i''^^ ^'' '' ^^«« the case, to some S^ 

 in«ll. t^^^t'-^^lf^ei'id shown m Fig. 2,H), and this arrangement nat- 

 uially afiects the position of the occipital foramen, of, (l^r foramen 

 magnum, through which the alimentary tract, nerVous system, etc 

 pass from the head into the thorax) situated at the hinder end of the 

 narrow posterior region of the head in these insects. The occiput or 

 occipital region, oc, of the tipulid shown in Fig. 1, F, is situated in the 

 narrow posterior region of the head behind the parietal region, pa, 

 which separates the occiput rather widely from the compound evCs 

 and m most tipulids the occiput is fairly well marked off from^the 

 parietal region m front of it. 



In the aiiisopodid shown in Fig. 2, K, which approaches the Or- 

 thorrhapha Brachycera in many respects, tlie mouth parts are directpd 



