428 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AXI) NAT. HIST. SURVEY [Bull. 



Pseudosiitural foveae blackened. Wings (Fig. 47, A). Abdominal 

 segments conspicuously cross-banded Avith brown, the incisures yellow ; 

 subterminal segments black; male hj'popygium large, yellow. 



Adventitious crossveins in the wing appear rather commonly in 

 this species, the one most frequent being that in cell .^3 (Alexander & 

 Leonard. I.e.) S. L. 6-7 mm.: w. 7-8.5 mm. $. L. 7-8 mm.: w. 

 8-9.5 mm. 



(Sept., Oct.) Que., Me., N. H., Vt., Mass., N. Y., westw. to Wise, la. and Mo., 

 southw. to N. C. and S. C. 



Chionea Dalman 



1816. Chionea Dalman ; K. Vetensk. Akad. Handl. 1 : 102. 



1912. Sjjhaeconophilu^ Becker; Ann. Soc. Ent. Belgique, 66: 142. 



Species of Chionea are the only nearly apterous crane-flies in the 

 local fauna. Members of the genus are widely distributed throughout 

 the Holarctic Region. The adults are most in evidence during warm 

 days in winter, when they are to be found walking slowly and awk- 

 wardly about over the snow, in company with spiders, which they 

 much resemble. The early stages live in soil beneath leaf mold. 



Besides the almost complete loss of wings, the most striking char- 

 acters lie in iho. antennae. The elongate pedicel is almost unique in 

 the family. A certain number of flagellar segments are involved in 

 the composition of the conical basal or fusion-segment; the primitive 

 number of antennal segments for the tribe is 16; the most generalized 

 local species of Chionea {prvmitiva) shows nine segments beyond the 

 fusion-segment, which is thus apparently comprised of five consoli- 

 dated segments; the commonest local species {valga) has only four 

 segments beyond the fusion-segment, which is thus evidently composed 

 of ten such segments. The greatest reduction so far made known is in 

 Chionea alexamlriana Garrett, of northwestern North America, where 

 there are only three free segments beyond the fusion. I have discu.^sed 

 elsewhere the relationships of Chionea and the manner in which the 

 antennae have been reduced (Can. Ent., 49:202-204; 1917). 



Key to St'ccics 



1. Coloration of body dark brownish gray noveboracensis 



Coloration of body reddish yellow, rusty brown to dark brown 2 



2. Body long and slender ; male with all legs very long and slender, not in- 



crassated gracilis 



Body stouter ; males with at least the posterior femora incrassated 3 



3. Antennae with 12 segments, there being 9 flagellar segments beyond the first 



or fusion-segment primitiva 



Antennae with 7 segments, there being 4 beyond the fusion-segment 4 



4. Size very large (S, L. 6-6.5 mm.) waughi 



Size smaller ($, L. about 4-5 mm.) valga 



Chionea gracilis Alex. 



1917. Chionea gi'acilis Alexander; Can. Ent., 49:203. 



Fig.— Alexander, Ibid., 49, pi. 12, fig. 2 (ad. $ ) ; 1917. 



