﻿S I L I Q U A R I A. 



Oo.iim Sll.IQUARIA. nnnpiu-rr. 

 l>iUi mariiii,. I„l,,il ilormi^, ^ph.ililrr i,ici.so-jU'<umta, 



;,T,'<jnl.,n/rr .-n.t.rl,, ; ..prrculun, ,■..,;>< ,u„, r,ji;„. 

 .Inr.uw, miillitamuiatitm. 

 Shell marine, tubulifonn, with a spirally-incised 

 tissure, <^oncnilly loosely spiral touarils the 

 apex, aft(-r\vanls irrei,'nlarly twisted : opcrcnluin 

 horny. cylin.lricaK c-ousUtiiic,' of nimicroiis 

 laniiiiav 



Synonym. Ti N.Mi :s. Gnettard. 



It Is not within thi' scope of this work to enter 

 critically iulo questions of generic nomenclature. If 

 it were, we .should still be disinclined to change the 

 generally adopted and almost universally recognised 

 name given above. The annual was formerly snp- 

 ])osed to be an annelid, but is now ascertained to 

 be a mollusk, with a remarkably complicated opercu- 

 lum, not unlike that of a solarium. The examination 

 we have made gives us nearly a dozen fairly distinct 

 species, with one or two of more doubtful character. 

 The siliquana; are widely spread, the typical species 

 being found frequently in groups embedded in 

 sponges and entangled in the closely-twined roots of 

 fnci. The Australian one or two species are like 

 ponderous and coarse imitations of the Mediterranean 

 8. anguina, excepting in the character of the slit. 

 There do not appear to be any northern species of this 

 interesting genus. M. Otto Morch, in his revision 

 of the Tenarjodi in the Zoological Proceedings, 

 arranges the species into subgenera, and even into 

 genera, by the characters of the slit. This, however, 

 is so subject to variation in the same species, and 

 even in the same individuals, that it is scarcely reliable 

 even for speritic, much less for generic, distinction. 



Species 1. (Fig. a, h, c, d, Mus. Brit. Sowb.) 

 SlLiQHAElA ODTUSA. Sil. testd doiujatd, aiifraclibuK 

 mar/nu, utrinque spiraliter suhteniie liralis, intils 

 Iceviasculis, extus incrassatis, concentrke Jissuratis, 



„l„rl„r.! r..ln,id,; : Jls.urd s,dr.d: .Im/din, r,rsu.< 



large, spirally, ml her linrly lira,t<'il, lather 

 smoother within, Ihwkened on the ontside, con- 

 erntrlcally fisMiivil ; spiral tissure simple. IVe- 



Jl„l.. Mediteri'anean. 



Srr/.nla ainjiiu,,,, .-.s of Linn. Lam. Phil. A'c. 



S,r,.Nl„ „,ni,dar;s. D.IKvyn. 



Srrr'd,, an.ju.l.K. .Monllnrt. 



//,/;,,■ /„c/.v/f.s Linn. test. jiin. 



This species being generally known by the name 

 Siliquaria angviiia, I should mueh have preferred 

 retaining that nanu! for it. But it appears perfectly 

 clear that Born was wrong in taking what Linnams 

 erroneously introduced as a variety for the type of 

 his species, which is the true Sfquihi timjiiiiin Lin- 

 naeus, S. inuricata Bom. The name tS. nl,ti<s,i is 

 founded upon what is a common variaticm in several 

 species, namely, that of almost commencing with 

 several broad, closely coiled whorls, so as to form a 

 cylinder. S. iiugHi'iia of Linufeus is carefully de- 

 scribed as having the slit subarticulated, whereas 

 that of the present species is quite simple. 



Species 2. (Fig. », /•, :Mns. Brit.) 



SiLiyUARIA CdmIXGII. iS'/7. Ir.<td clninjnld, iilhd, aii'iii.yfr 

 cnnvolutd, tonuissijiic fjiindil' r .^In'nla, (m//(,v iii/ra 

 tcHuiter co'Hcentiifc incifd ,■ jiffurd f:jdrali mtn-u- 

 latd. 



Cuming's Siliqcaria. Shell elongated, white, nar- 

 rowly convolute, very finely spirally striated, 

 finely concentrically incised on the lower part 

 outside ; spiral fissure articulated. 



MoitoH. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1860. 



llab. Isl. Ticao, Philippines; var. /,. Jaj.an. 



Fig. & is a somewhat broader variety of this finely 



sculptured shell. The slit is articulated so as t(.> 



present a chain-like appearance. 



