NOMENCLATURE AND MORPHOLOGY. 87 



quatre rayons a la seconde; deux rayons aiguilloncs et onze rayons 

 articules a la nageoire de Faiius ; la caudale en croissant ; iin 

 ou deux aiguillons a la seconde piece de cliaque opercule." — 

 [Br. 5; P. 16; V. I, 5; C. 17].— (Lacepede, Hist. Nat. des 

 Poiss., IV, 325, 1801). 



BoDL\NUS ACHIGAN Rafinesque, 1817. — "Lower jaw much 

 longer, gill-covers with two flat and short thorns, lateral line 

 nearly straight, base ascending diagonal ; blackish with round 

 scattered fulvous spots, belly gray, fins brown, the dorsal de- 

 pressed in the middle and with twenty-five rays, whereof ten are* 

 spinescent, tail lunulated, with a gray edge. — Obs. vulgar names 

 in the United States Black Bass, Lake Bass, Big Bass, Oswego 

 Bass, Spotted Bass, etc., and in Canada Achigan or Achigan verd 

 or Achigan noir; but many species are probably blended under 

 those names, this is probably the Achigan of Charlevoix. It is a 

 fine fish, from one to three feet long, and weighing sometimes eight 

 to twelve pounds, affording a good food, etc. It is found in all 

 the large lakes of New York and Canada. It has many rows 

 of small teeth, and is voracious; eyes blue, iris gilt-brown; anal 

 fin with fifteen rays, whereof three are spinescent and short, 

 pectoral fins fulvous dotted of brown at the base, and with fif- 

 teen rays, thoracic fins with six rays, whereof the first is spines- 

 cent, caudal fins with twenty rays. This species and the forego- 

 ing have six branchial rays, and the gill-covers are composed of 

 four pieces, all scaly except the second. Body more cylindrical 

 than in the foregoing." — (Rafinesque, Amer. Hon. Mmj. and 

 Grit. Rev. II, 120, 1817.) 



Calliurus punctulatus Rafinesque, 1820. — "Lower jaw 

 longer; body olivaceous, crowded with blackish dots; head 

 brownish, flattened above; lateral line hardly curved upward 

 at the base ; tail unequally bilobed, lower lobe larger, base yel- 

 low, middle blackish, tip white; dorsal fin yellow, with 24 rays, 

 of which ten are spiny. 



An uncommon fish from four to twelve inches long. I ob- 

 served it at the Falls; rare in the Ohio, more common in some 



