NOMENCLATURE AND MORPHOLOGY. 119 



the anal contains 15 rays, the two first of them shorter, spinous, 

 and very acute, the branched rays equal those of the dorsal in 

 height; the first dorsal ray stands half an inch behind the anus. 

 If the fish, exclusive of the caudal fin, be divided into three 

 parts, the head will form one, and the first spine of the anal 

 will stand at the commencement of the third ; the space between 

 the anal and the caudal considerably exceeds that occupied by 

 the attachment of the former; the caudal is somewhat rounded 

 and very slightly emarginated, its base is covered with small 

 scales, w^hich terminate by an even line rounded off* on the three 

 exterior rays, while they cover the accessory short rays above 

 and below to their tips, thus producing a notch at each end of 

 the line. The scales are rather large, the exterior edge forming 

 a segment of a circle, and being quite smooth, the sides almost 

 parallel, and the base truncated and crenated in correspondence 

 with 10 or 11 furrows which diverge from the center, like the 

 sticks of a fan ; there are 60 scales on the lateral line exclusive 

 of about 9 smaller ones, forming a continuation of the same 

 row on the base of the caudal, and 26 in a vertical row beneath 

 the first dorsal, of which 7 are above the row which forms the 

 lateral line; a linear inch measured along the sides includes 5 

 scales and one-half; the scales on the gill covers are a little 

 smaller than those on the body, those on the cheeks are still 

 li'ss, and the scales on the caudal and on the space before the 

 ventrals are the smallest of all; a scale taken from the lateral 

 line under the first dorsal is 4| lines wide and S^ lines long ; 

 the lateral line runs parallel to the curvature of the back and 

 is distant from the belly — it is marked by a tubular elevation 

 on each scale ; back and sides dark, with a faint longitudinal 

 streak through the center of each row of scales; belly yellowish 

 white." — (Richardson, Faim. Bor. Am. Ill, 4, 1836.) 



HuRO NIGRICANS DcKay, 1842. — "General form that of the 

 Perch ; greatest depth of body under the first dorsal, and equal 

 to one-third the length of body; scales large, smooth, covering 



