307 



attacking cattle the most vulnerable portions are best calculated to 

 yield the best results to these small insects with their rather short 

 mouth-parts, and that the most vulnerable parts are those near the 

 upper extremities of the legs. I have found in the case of Simidiidcc, 

 or black flies, that while they may be found upon almost any part of 

 the body of a cow or horse they are more often found on the under 

 surface of the body close to the leg or, in the case of the horse particu- 

 larly, inside the ear — the most vulnerable spots. 



The blood-sucking species of Ccratopogonincc are mostly crepuscu- 

 lar in habit, and in most cases I found that during May and June the 

 greatest numbers occurred after five o'clock in the afternoon, continu- 

 ing active until 8 p. m. at least, this being the latest hour that it was 

 possible for me to make observations. From experience at other times 

 and in other localities I know, however, that the insects bite as late as 

 10 p. m. The earliest hour at which I found guttipcnnis biting was i 

 p. m. On this occasion the sun was shining, but an hour or so later a 

 short thunder storm occurred, the weather conditions very probably 

 being responsible for the unusual occurrence of the species. 



When in the act of biting it was not always easy to capture this 

 species in a cyanide vial, as the insects were very readily disturbed, 

 which is not the case with the smaller species, higuttatus and san- 

 guisiigiis. 



May 9, only one specimen was taken ; on ^lay 1 5 but two ; while 

 on May 30, thirtv-five specimens were collected, all in the act of biting. 

 On the first two dates higuttatus was the commonest species. On vari- 

 ous dates in June and July guttipcnnis was found to occur commonly, 

 but no large collection w^as made. 



In my paper previously referred to I stated that the early stages of 

 guttipcnnis were undescribed. Lest there should be any misunder- 

 standing on this point it mav be pertinent to indicate that meaningless 

 figures of the larva and pupa accompanied by absolutely inadecjuate 

 descriptions are given by Pratt in his paper referred to on a previous 

 page. 



CULICOIDES STELLIFER Coquillett 



Two specimens of this species were taken in the act of biting the 

 writer, August 8, 191 5, on bank of Sangamon River, near White 

 Heath. 



CuLicoiDES SANGuisuGUS Coquillett 



This species is found commonly in Urbana, large numbers of both 

 sexes being taken on windows of stores in the city after the lights are 

 turned on. I have also taken many specimens on the inner side of wni- 



