347 



Drosophila than there is between the pupae of different genera in some 

 other famihes. 



One species that I have reared has a larva that is capable of jump- 

 ing much as do the larvae of most Cccidomyidcc. One specimen cov- 

 ered a distance of over 5 inches at a single leap. I expect to deal with 

 this and other species of the family in a subsequent paper. 



DrosophiIvA (Scaptomyza) adusta Loew 



BrosopJiila adusta Loew, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr., 1862, p. 231. 



Pupariimt (PI. LXXXIV, Fig. i). — Length, 1.5 mm. Reddish 

 brown. Cephalic extremity with two long tapering respiratory proc- 

 esses, the trachea of which may be seen traversing the area of the 

 sunken or flattened portion of puparium. Ventral surfaces of abdom- 

 inal segments with numerous very minute setulse, arranged in rather 

 irregular transverse series. Caudal projections whitish, rounded 

 apically and with weak apical hairs. Dorsal surface of abdominal seg- 

 ments armed with setulse similar to those of ventral surface. 



The specimen from which the foregoing description was drawn, 

 was obtained from sap exuding from a mulberry tree at Urbana, 111., 

 July 3, 191 5. It was unrecognized in the larval stage, but the pupa 

 was readily separated from the other species before the adult emerged. 



Chittenden has recorded this species, as Scaptomyza adusta, min- 

 ing leaves of cabbage, etc.*. 



The habits of the species of this group (Scaptomyza) are but im- 

 perfectly known, but it seems strange that the same species should be 

 in the larval stage both a leaf-miner and a frequenter of sap of the 

 nature in which I found it. I have seen a very large series of Scap- 

 tomyza, reared by Mr. A. B. Gahan, at College Park, Md., from cru- 

 ciferous plants, cabbage and turnip, which led me to conclude when I 

 examined them that the species flaveola and graminum were synony- 

 mous, the series presenting all gradations of thoracic coloration from 

 unicolorous ferruginous to ferruginous with a brown central vitta, and 

 from unicolorous grayish to gray with a dark brown central vitta. It 

 is also worthy of note that in the specimens with unicolorous thorax 

 the setulose discal hairs were arranged rather regularly over the entire 

 surface, whereas in those with the vittate thorax the setulse were 

 arranged in a single longitudinal series along the margins of the cen- 

 tral vitta, and the area beyond these was almost or entirely devoid of 

 setulse. To arrive at a definite decision as to the distinctness of the 

 forms it would be requisite to rear a series from the eggs. 



*Bull. 33, n. s., Div. Ent. Dept. Agr., 1902, p. 76. 



