387 



c. The Transportation of Fishes. 



In collecting fishes for such experimental work they may l)e se- 

 cured and brought to the laboratory in numbers if only a very small 

 quantity of water is used. In general it is best to allow the d(jrsal tins 

 of sunfish, basses, crappies, and suckers to protrude from the water. 

 Minnows on the other hand, live best in about 3 inches of water. In 

 this way many fishes may be safely brought in without the usual 

 I^.bor of carrying a quantity of water. 



4. FISHES USED. 



The fishes used in -this experiment belong to the species mentioned 

 below. 



Comuion name 

 Orange-spotted sunfish 

 Blue-spotted sunfish 

 Blue-gill 



Long-eared sunfish 

 Rock bass 



Small-mouthed black bass 

 Large-mouthed black bass 

 Blunt-nosed minnow 



Steel-colored minnow 

 Common shiner 

 Golden shiner 

 Common sucker 

 Bullheads 

 Brook silverside 

 Rainbow darter 



Scientific name Abundance 



Lepomis humilis Gir. Abundant 



Lcpomis cyanellus Raf. Common 



Lepomis pallidiis Mit. Common 



Lepomis megalotis Raf. Common 



Amhloplites riipestris Raf. Common 



Micropterus dolomieu Lac. Common 



Microptcrus salmoides Lac. Common 



Pimcphales no tains Raf. Very 



common 



Notropis zuhipplii Gir. Abundant 



Notropns cornutus Mit. Abundant 



Abramis crysoleuca Mit. Abundant 



Catostouius commcrsonii Lac. Common 



Amciiiriis nebulosus LeS. Common 



LabidcstJics sicculus Cope Occasional 



Bthcostoma coendeum St. Common 



The small sunfish. Lepomis humilis, was used as a standard fish. 

 It is only about 4" long when adult, is widely distributed in Illi- 

 nois and without value as a food fish. A sufficient number of other 

 fishes were studied to make its relative sensitiveness clear, and min- 

 nows and one of the basses were nearly always used in reaction ex- 

 periments. Minnows were used also to show toxicity. 



The condition of individual fishes is also a matter of importance. 

 In a few cases fishes with obvious external protozoan parasites were 

 killed in coal-tar products, and in every case they died sooner than the 



