••J GO 



THE FIJESII-WATEI; FISHES OF EUROPE, 



Family: UMBRID^. 

 Genus: Umbra (Ivramer). 



The o-enns UmLra includes small fresh-water fishes which are allied to Pike 

 on the one side and to the Garfish tribe on the other. The pre-maxillary bones 

 form the front^ \vhile the maxillary bones form the sides of the jaws. There 

 are villiform teeth in the jaws, on the vomer, and on the palatine bones. The 

 eye is small. The stomach is a simple expansion of the intestine, and there 

 are no pyloric appendages. Both the head and the oblonjj;' body are covered 

 with cycloid scales, on which there are no radiating striae. The lateral line 

 is not conspicuous. The dorsal fin is opposite the ventral, or a little behind 

 it. The anal fin is short, and the caudal rounded. 



Only two species are known : one limited to the South of Europe, the 

 other to the United States. 



Umbra kram.eri (Miller). 



D. 1 :)—!(;, A. 7-S, Y. (], p. l;3. Scales : lat. line m~:]^, transverse ^ 



7 



The lish thus named is popularly known in Austria as the f^of/Ji ■"</', and in 



Iluno'jiry as the liiljidial (Fig-. 169). In these countries it frequents stagnant 



Fig-. 169. — VMiiUA KUAMEia (iit/.inger). 



waters and grows to a length of three (n- four inches, and is especially found 

 in tlie neighbourhood of the Neusiedler See, INIoosbrunn near Vienna, and 

 Teufelsbach near Pesth, and in streams which How into the Platlensee. It is 

 also said to occur in the neiiilibourhood of Odessa. 



