century ago. the scientists have verified the suitabil- 

 ity of techniques developed by fishermen, though 

 some technical contributions have been offered. 

 Therefore, it cannot be said that scientists have de- 

 veloped the fundamental concepts for the advance- 

 ment of aquaculture. 



Considering the period in which it was developed. 

 the idea offish farming should be esteemed highly as 

 an epochal accomplishment. At the present time, 

 however, ancient and new ideas of aquaculture in 

 Japan are mixed together. These ideas should be 

 reorganized systematically to establish efficient op- 

 eration plans and research projects. 



Among the old aquaculture techniques, there are 

 some helpful ideas and methods for the development 

 of new farming fisheries. For example, an artificial 

 fish shelter of concrete blocks is an effective method 

 to build a new fishing ground. A larger scale shelter 

 would form an "artificial bank." If the technology of 



artificial shelter or bank and fish farming could be 

 combined, greater fish production may be expected. 

 Therefore, the combination of differently 

 categorized ideas or techniques v\ili accelerate the 

 advancement of practical fish farming. 



Fish farming is becoming of global interest and 

 Japan is considered as the most advanced country in 

 this field. People concerned with fish farming and 

 aquaculture expect to obtain the information from 

 Japan, and sometimes they are apt to apply the 

 Japanese methods and techniques directly. Biologi- 

 cal techniques are so complicated, however, that 

 direct application in other environments may be un- 

 successful and some modifications will be required. 

 Certainly fish farming should be encouraged on a 

 universal basis, but many problems remain to be 

 solved. Greater advancement can be expected with 

 the international cooperation of experts in this 

 specialized field. 



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