31 



cells meet each other. Here we often find a dense row of 

 these small cells on both sides of the wall and as these small 

 lenticular cells often bear short rhizoids which attach them- 

 selves to the neighbour cell they contribute to the firmness of 

 the cell-complex, making it more resistant to the beating of 

 the waves. 



Fig. 17 shows a plant of the form I have referred to var. 

 Crustacea and Fig. 18 a little part of it more magnified. The arran- 

 gement of the lens-cells and the manner in which the rhizoids, 

 growing out from the small cells, attach themselves to the neigh- 

 bouring cells reminds 

 one in a striking way cVa; ;'i :^M•^;^^v^S 

 of Dictyosphseria javii- 

 losa, a plant I also 

 consider nearly related 

 to Valonia, as will be 

 mentioned later on. 



In the specimens 

 found in more shel- 

 tered places or in deep 

 sea the cells are larger, 

 often cylindric and 

 more loosely connec- 

 ted. They are very " 

 like the figures 11 and 12 of Kuckuck. The small lens-cells are 

 here more seldom. 



As mentioned above, f. Crustacea is found in exposed locali- 

 ties growing on rock and coral reefs at about the surface of the 

 sea where it is constantly at the mercy of the waves ; in such loca- 

 lities it can be found as rather large crusts covering the rocks. 

 On the other hand, f. typica when growing in shallow water is 

 found in more sheltered localities or in deep sea down to a depth 

 of about 30 meters or more. 



The species is common at the shores of the islands. 



Geogr. Distrib. Mediterranean, Spain, Madeira, Bermuda, Baliama. 





Fig. 18. Valonia utricularis (Roth) Ag., 



f. Crustacea Kuclv. 



A little part of the plant pictured in fig.. 17. It 



shows the arrangement ot the small lentiform 



cells along the walls of the cells. (70:1). 



4. Valonia ^gagropila G. Ag. 



C. Agardh, Species Algarum, p. 429. J. Agardh, Till Algernes Sy- 

 stematik, oteAfdeln., VIII. Siphonese, p. 99. Kijtzing, Spec. Algarum, p. 507 ; 

 Tab. Phycol. vol. 6, tab. 86, fig. 1. P. Kuckuck, Uber den Bau und die 

 Fortpflanzung von Halicystis Aresch. und Valonia Ginn. (Bot. Zeit. 1907). 



Valonia utricularis forma .Egagropila Hauck, Meeresalgen, p. 469. 



