Art. XI. — Liquid Kiiio. 

 By J. H. Maiden, F.L.S., F.C.S., 



Curator of the Technological Museum, Sydney. 



Communicated by Baron Ferdinand von Mueller, 

 K.C.M.G., F.R.S., Szc. 



[Read Thursday, July 11, 1889.] 



Angophora intermedia (D.C.), the narrow-leaved apple- 

 tree is a tallish tree, which extends from Victoria to 

 Queensland, and is the only species of the genus which is 

 found in the southern colony. In the following respect, it 

 is perhaps unique amongst Australian trees. Frequently, 

 when an incision is made into the bark, and more particularly 

 when the knobby excrescences sometimes found on this tree 

 are cut, there exudes a watery liquid which occasionally is 

 almost as clear and as colourless as water, and at other times 

 of an orange-brown or reddish-brown colour, and of the con- 

 sistency of a thin extract, or even as thick as treacle. This 

 is doubtless the substance which was sent from New South 

 Wales to the Paris Exhibition of 18G7, labelled "apple-tree 

 juice," with the statement that it is used as a varnish ; but 

 this is not correct, as the liquid is aqueous. It is used by 

 fishermen for tanning their nets. Mr. Kirton informed 

 Baron von Mueller that a single tree will yield as much as 

 two gallons of liquid, which is generally called " liquid kino." 

 This is a modest computation, for the tree which yielded the 

 Bangley Creek sample (infra) yielded from eight to ten 

 gallons. The quantity is, in any case, by no means small, 

 and is dependent on a variety of circumstances. 



Two samples of this "liquid kino" having recently been 

 forwarded to the Technological Museum, the author has had 

 an opportunity of examining it. 



i. From Bangley Creek, Cambewarra, N.S.W., of a clear 

 reddish-brown colour, and in order to give precision to the 

 tint, it is very like raw linseed oil, Strasburg turpentine, 

 or dark balsam of Copaiba, but redder than any of tliem. 



