81 



gular, with hooked setae on the distal end, and frequently has an im- 

 pressed triangular area on the dorsum. The classification of the Hes- 

 periidae has long been in dispute, and with the limited amount of 

 material available for examination it is impossible to state just how 

 a classification of the pupae would agree with any of the proposed 

 schemes. It is believed, however, that Scudder's arrangement would 

 probably be followed, as the material available falls readily into his 

 groups. As to the relationship between these groups there might be 

 some difference of opinion. The pupae at first sight are readily divid- 

 ed into two groups, one with the abdominal segments caudad of the 

 fourth considerably shortened, possessing narrow flanged plates on 

 the movable segments which prevent the telescoping of the body, and 

 with the segmentation indistinct between the fixed caudal segments 

 (Fig. yj). This group also has the body prominently convex on the 

 dorsum of the mesothorax and on the entire ventral surface of the 

 thorax and abdomen. The labrum is cephalic in position. The other 

 group possesses abdominal segments of more nearly ecjual length, hav- 

 ing distinct sutures between the fixed caudal segments and the mov- 

 able segments capable of being telescoped. This group has apparently 

 just recently lost the power of motion in the seventh abdominal seg- 

 ment of the male and dorsal motion between the third and fourth 

 abdominal segments. The body is shaped like the majority of lepidop- 

 terous pupae, and the labrum never quite reaches the cephalic margin 

 of the body. Of this group, the genera possessing maxillae extending 

 beyond the caudal margin of the wings, Calpodes (Fig. 78) and Am- 

 blyscirtes, are undoubtedly more generalized, not on account of the 

 maxillae, but because in all the other members of the group there is 

 considerably more consolidation of the caudal abdominal segments, 

 so that they seem intermediate in position between the genera men- 

 tioned above and the first group. The following table will serve to 

 separate the genera of Hesperiidae : 



a. Abdominal segments 5-7 never with an elevated ridge or flanged 

 plate along the cephalic margin and always capable of being tele- 

 scoped; body never with a prominent convexity on the ventral sur- 

 face in the region of abdominal segments 1-4. 

 b. Maxillae extending free for a considerable distance beyond the 

 caudal margin of the wings. 

 c. Maxjllae extending beyond the caudal margin of the body ; head 



with a long cephalic projection Calpodes Hiibner. 



cc. Maxillae never extending beyond the caudal margin of the body ; 

 head never with a long cephalic projection. 



Amhlyscirtes Scudder. 



