Plate XXXI 



Larvae of Tipula 



Fig. 1. Tipula sp. 7, caudal view of apical segment. 



Fig. 2. The same, dorsal view of head, one side. 



Fig. 3. The same, ventral view of head, one side. 



Fig. 4. Tipula sp. 4, dorsal view of fi-oiito-clypeal region of 



head and antennae. 

 Fig. 5. The same, caudal view of apical segment. 

 Fig. 6. Tipula sp. (5, dorsal view of ai)ical segment. 

 Fig. 7. The same, caudal view of apical segment. 

 Fig. 8. Tipula sp. 1 , caudal view of apical segment. 

 Fig. 9. Tipula sp. 2, frontal plate of head. 

 Fig. 10. Pacliyrrliina ferruginca, frontal plate of head. 

 Fig. 11. Tipula sp. 7, lateral view of hyi)0])hai'yiix. showing 



oesophageal oy)ening. 

 Fig. 12. Tipula sp. 3, dorsal view of hypopharynx. 

 Fig. 13. Tipula sp. 2, dorsal view of hypopharynx. 

 Fig. 14. Tipula sp. 7, dorsal view of hypopharynx. 

 Fig. 15. Tipula sp, 4, dorsal view of hypopharynx. 



