11. COSSTPHA. 35 



f , Throat white ; under surface more or less 

 orange or washed with rufous. 

 e'". Base of quills white, forming an alar 

 speculum. 

 e^. Ear-coverts rufous. 



c'. Under tail-coverts orange-bufF ; 

 white on tail-feathers more ex- 

 tended barbata, p. 43 



dp. Under tail-coverts white ; white 



on tail less extended quadrivirgata, p. 43. 



f*. Eai"-coverts greyish leucosticta, p. 44. 



f". Base of quills not white ; under wing- 

 coverta white, as well as throat and 



breast hunieralis^ p. 45. 



b. Crown of head white. 



«'. Back grey, or gi-ey washed with olive .... veHkalis, p. 45. 

 h'. Back blackish melanonota, p, 46. 



1. Cossypha imerina. 



Cossypha imerina, Hartl. J.f. O. 18G0, p. 97; id. Oni. Madmj. p. 97 

 (1861) ; Verr. in Viiison^s T^oy., Ann. B. p. 2 (1865) ; Grand. Re». 

 et Mag. de Zool. 1867, p. 359 ; Schlegel ^ Pollen, Farm. Madag., 

 Ois. p. 168 (1868) ; Harfl. Vog. Madag. p. 130 (1877) ; Milne- 

 Edwards ^- Grandid. in Grandid, Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. p. 367, 

 pis. 138, 1.38a, 139, 140 (1881). 



Pratincola melamu-a, Lafr. MSS., teste Verreaux ut supra. 



Copsychus imerina. Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 266, no. 3890 (1869). 



Male. Above ashy grey ; throat and breast of the same colour 

 as the back, but a little clearer; abdomen and under tail- coverts 

 rufous ; quills and tail-feathers brown, more or less fringed with 

 bluish grey ; feet blackish ; iris brown. 



Adult female. Very different from the male ; upper surface greyish 

 brown ; lower surface whitish, varied with clear brown. 



Hah. Deserts and arid plains of the South and South-west of 

 Madagascar. 



Ohs. The above descriptions are taken from M. Grandidier's work. 

 I have never seen a specimen, and do not know if the species rightly 

 belongs here or to Pseiulocossyplius (vide an tea). The mode of 

 coloration of the sexes and the habits of the bird are quite peculiar : 

 and it may belong to a totally distinct genus. 



2. Cossypha poensis*. 



Cossypha poensis, Strickl. P. Z. S. 1844, p. 100 ; Allen ^- Thomps. 

 Riped. Niger, ii. p. 496 (1848); Hartl. J. f. O. 1855, p. 360; id. 

 Orn. TV.-Afr. p. 77 (1857) ; Cass. Proc. Philad. Acad. 1859, p. 42 ; 

 Hartl. ,T. f. O. 1861, p, 163 ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1869, p. 382; id. Cat. 

 Afr. B. p. 85 (1871) ; id. P. Z. S. 1871, pp. 609, 515 ; Reichen. 

 J. f. O. 1876, p. 50. 



* An aberrant species, showing afiinitics towards the Ground-Thrushes 

 (Gcocichla). 



d2 



