11. C08STPHA. 39 



6. Cossypha caffra. 



Motacilla caffra, Limi. Mantissa, p. 527(1771); Gm. Syst. Nat. i. 



p. 997 (1788). 

 Red-tailed Thrush, Lath. Gen. Syn. B. ii. pt. i. p. 31 (1783). 

 Caffrarian Warbler, Lath. op. cit. ii. pt. ii. p. 426 (1783). 

 Muscicapa superciliosa, Sparrm. Mtis. Carls, ii. pi. 96 (1786) ; 



Sunclev. Krit. Framst., Sparrm. p. 14 (1857). 

 Tiu-dus phcenicurus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 816 (1788). 

 Sylvia caffi-a, Laih. I7id. Orn. ii. p. 514 (1790). 

 Le Janfi-edi'ic, Levaill, Ois. (VAfr. iii. pi. cxi. (1802) ; Sundev, Krit. 



Framst., Levaill. p. 36 (1857). 

 Saxicola siipercilians, Licht. Verz. Doubl. p. 32 (1823). 

 Turdiis caffer, Shatv, Gen. Zool. x. p. 298 (1817). 

 Cossypha superciliosa, Sjvains. Classif. B. ii. p. 233 (1837). 

 Cossypha pectoralis, Smith, HI. Zool. S. Afr. text to pi. xhiii. (1840). 

 Rhipidiu'a superciliosa, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 259 (1846). 

 Bessonornis phcenicurus. Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 220 (1847) ; Bp. 



Consp. i. p. 301 (1850) ; Sclater, P. Z. S. 1866, p. 23 ; Layard, B. 



S. Afr. p. 131 (1867) ; Jloliib ^- Pels. Beitr. Orn. Siidafr. p. 89 



(1882). 

 Bessornis phceniciu-us, Cab. Mus. Hein. Th. i. p. 9 (1850) ; Layard, 



B. S. Afr. p. 1.32 (1867) ; Ayres, Ibis, 1869, p. 293 ; Gray, 



Hand-l. B. i. p. 264, no. 3868 (1869). 

 Bessornis caffi-a. Grill, Zool. Anteckn. p. 29 (1859). 

 Cossypha cafFra, Hartl. Ibis, 1862, p. 148; Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. 



p. 25 (1871) ; Gurney, in Anderss. B. Dam. Ld. p. 188 (1872) ; 



Buckley, Ibis, 1874, p. .370; Shelley, Ibis, 1875, p. 73; Barratt, 



Ibis, 1876, p. 201 ; Sharpe, ed. Layard B. S. Afr. p. 224 (1876). 



■ Adult male in full j)lumar/e {Transxaal ; Ayres). General colour 

 above olive-brown, slightly washed with slaty grey on the head and 

 on some of the dorsal feathers ; scapulars and lower back rather 

 incliuing to reddish olive, the latter shading off into bright orange 

 on the rump and upper tail-coverts ; wings dark brown, the coverts 

 broadly margined with bluish grey, and having a more or less 

 distinct spot of white at the tip of the outer ones ; the primaries 

 externally washed with ashy, the secondaries with olive-brown ; 

 two centre tail-feathers dark brown, the remainder bright orange, 

 the outermost brown on the outer web, all the others also brown 

 towards the tip of the outer web ; a broad white eyebrow ; lores, 

 feathers round the eye, and ear-coverts black ; cheeks, throat, and 

 chest bright orange ; sides of neck bluish grey ; rest of under sur- 

 face pale slaty grey, inclining to white on the centre of the abdo- 

 men : flanks washed with orange, especially towards the under tail- 

 coverts, which are entirely of the latter colour ; thighs grey ; under 

 wing-coverts pale yellowish orange, the outermost grey, narrowly 

 edged with white ; bill black ; legs black ; iris dark brown. Total 

 length 7'2 inches, culmen 0-6, wing 3-65, tail 3'8, tarsus 1'25. 



Ad alt female. Similar to the male. 



Obs. The example described has been selected on account of its 

 bright plumage ; the others are everj-where much duller in colour, 

 and it is probable that in winter the plumage is more obscure. 



Touny. Speckled all over, the feathers of the upper surface being 



