12. TROCHALOPTERUM. 373 



18. Trochalopterum cachinnans. 



Crateropiis cachinnans, Jerd. Madr. Journ. x. p. 255, pi. 7 (1839). 



Crateropus delesserti, Lafr. 



Garrulax cachinnans, Blyth, J. A. S. Beiig. xii. p. 952 (1843), xiv. 



p. 599 (1845) ; id. Cat. B. 3Ius. As. Soc. p. 97 (1849). 

 Pterocyclus cachinnans, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 226 (1846) ; Bp. Consp. 



i. p. 372 (1850) ; Horsf. 8f Moore, Cat. B. E.I. Co. Mus. i. p. 263 



(1854) ; Gray, Hand-'l. B. i. p. 283, no. 4184 (1869). 

 Trochalopteron cachinnans, Jerd. B. Ltd. ii. p. 48 (1863) ; id. Ibis, 



1872, p. 306 ; Hume, Nests ^ Eygs Ind. B. p. 263 (1873) ; id. Str. 



F. 1879, p. 97. 



Adult. General colour above olivaceous brown, a little more ashy 

 on the mantle and back ; wing-coverts like the back ; quills brown, 

 externally olivaceous brown, lighter brown on the outer web of the 

 primaries ; tail brown, washed with olivaceous brown ; crown of 

 head and nape ashy, the base of the forehead black, as also the 

 lores ; a very distinct white eyebrow, bordered both above and 

 below by a streak of black ; eyelid white ; ear-coverts light rufous ; 

 base of cheeks, chin, and upper throat black ; remainder of under 

 surface of body deep orange-rufous, lighter towards the abdomen ; 

 the sides of the body and under tail-coverts olive-brown, the thighs 

 dark olive-brown ; axillaries olive-brown ; under wing-coverts ru- 

 fous ; quills dusky brown below, fulvescent along the edge of the 

 inner web ; " bill black ; legs dusky greenish ; iris fine red " (Jerdon). 

 Total length 2-8 inches, culmen 0-8, wing 3-5, tail 3-9, tarsus 1-35. 



Adult female. Like the male in plumage. 



A pair measure : — 



'^°^^} Culmen. Wing. Tail Tarsus, 

 length. ° 



iu. in. in. in. in. 



a. S ■ Nilghiris (Morgan) 8-0 0-8 3-15 3-5 1-35 



b. 2- „ „ 8-0 0-8 3-4 3-7 1'35 



Hab. Nilghiri hiUs in Southern India. 



a. Ad. sk. Nilghiris {F. Day). India Museum. 



b. Ad. sk. Nilghiris. Gould Collection. 



c. d. d' 5 ad. sk. Nilghiris (B. W. Morgan). Capt. R. G. Wardlaw 



Ramsay. 

 e. Ad. .sk. Ootacamund, Aug. 1876. Capt. R. G. Wardlaw 



Ramsay. 

 /. c? ad. sk. Kotergherry, June 18, 1877. A. O. Hume, Esq. 



g. Ad.sk. Madras ( IF^v^^O- India Museum. 



h. Ad. sk. Coonoor, Nilghiris, April 2, W. Davison, Esq. [P.]. 



1882. 



19. Trochalopterum jerdoni. (Plate X.) 



Garrulax jerdoni, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xx. p. 522 (1851). 

 Trochalopteron jerdoni, Jerd. B. Ltd. ii. p. 49 (1863) ; id. Ibis, 1872, 

 p. 366 ; Hume, Str. F. 1879, p. 97. 



Adtdt male. General colour above olive-brown, a little darker 



