23. GARRTJLAX. 441 



7. Garrulax pectoralis. ' 



lanthociucla pectoralis, Gould, P. Z. S. 183o, p. 186. 



Ciuclosoma grisaure, JIudi/s. Asiat. Hesearc/i. xix. p. 14G (18315) ; 



id. leon. ined. in Bril. Mus., I'asseres, pi. 1G2 (no. 193). 

 Crateropiis pectoralis, Blytlt, J. A. S. Bciuj. xi. p. 179 (1842). 

 Garrulax melanotis, Bhjth, J. A. S. Bemj. xii. p. 949 (1843), xiii. 



p. 391 (1844) ; Gruij, Gen. B. i. p. 255 (184G) ; Cah. in Ersch ^■ 



G ruber, Ally. Uncycl. Band 55, p. 61 (1852). 

 Garrulax pectoralis, Blyth, J. A. 8. Beny. xii. p. 949 (1843), xiv. 



p. 598 (1845), xvi. p. 450 (1847) ; Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 225 (1846) ; 



id. Cat. Mainm. etc. Nepal pres. IIod(/s. p. 83 (1846); Blyth, Cut. 



B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 95 (1849) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 371 (1850) ; Cab. 



in Ersch ii; Grueber, Ally. Encycl. Baud 55, p. 62 (1852) ; Horsf. ^• 



Moore, Cat. B. E.I. Co. Mus. i. p. 204 (1854) ; Jerd. B. Ind. ii. 



p. 39 (1863) ; Gray, Iland-l. B. i. p. 281, uo. 4156 (1869) ; Hume, 



Nests ^- Eiiqs Ind. B. p. 256 ( 1873) ; id. 8tr. F. 1875, p. 122 ; Blyth 



1<C Wuld. B. Burm. p. 108 (1875); Oates, Sir. F. 1877, p. 156; 



Wardlaw Ramsay, His, 1877, p. 463 ; Hume 8,- Davison, Sfr. F. 



1878, p. 291 ; Hutne, 8tr. F. 1879, pp. 90, 169; Binyham, Str. F. 



1880, p. 181 ; Oates, Str. F. 1881, p. 208 ; id. B. Brit. Burm. p. 36 



(1883). 

 Gari ulax uropygialis, Cab. in Ersch Sf Gruber, Ally. Encycl. Band 55, 



p. 62 (1852) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 371 (1850) : Jerd. B. Ind. ii. p. 41 



(1863) ; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 282, no. 4164 (1864). 



Adult. General colour above ashy olivaceous brown, the croNvn of 

 liead and mantle of the same colour, the lower back and rump more 

 fulvescent brown ; wing-coverts like the back, the bastard wing 

 and primary-coverts dusky blackish washed with ashy grey ; quills 

 dark brown, externally fulvous-brown, edged with olive-brown, the 

 primaries externally hoary grey ; upper tail-coverts and tail-feathers 

 olivaceous brown, all but the two centre feathers with a distinct 

 white tip, before which is an extensive shade of black ; head like 

 the mantle, but separated from it by a broad band of orange-rufous ; 

 lores and a distinct eyebrow ashy white, edged below with a broad 

 line of black feathers from above the eye to the sides of the nape ; 

 feathers below the eye silvery whitish, varied with black shaft- 

 streaks ; a line of black running below the ear-coverts ; moustache 

 and throat white, separated from the rest of the under surface by a 

 broad black collar running across the fore neck from the sides of 

 the neck ; remainder of under surface creamy white, washed with 

 fulvous on the under tail- coverts ; sides of body orange-buff, the 

 thighs more ashy ; axillaries orange-buff like tlie sides of the 

 breast; under wing-coverts dusky brown ; quills brown, ashy ful- 

 vous along the inner web ; " upper mandible dark horn-colour, lower 

 one bluish horn at the base and tip and darker horn in the middle; 

 mouth bluish; iris orange-brown; eyelids and orbital skin dusky 

 blue ; edges of the eyelids orange-yellow ; legs light pluml)eous; 

 claws pale horn" (Ortto). Total length 10-5 inches, cuJmen 1*4, 

 wing 5"6, tail 5*2, tarsus 1-8.5. 



The ear-coverts in this species are often quite black ; and between 

 these and the silvery white car-coverts there seems to be every gra- 

 dation. My impression is that the ear-coverts get blacker with age, 



