31. CRATEROPTTS. 475 



tail-coverts someu hat more ashy brown ; lesser and median wing- 

 coverts like the back ; greater series and quills rather darker brown, 

 margined with pale brown ; tail-feathers brown, with obscure dusky 

 cross bars under certain lights, the feathers edged with reddish 

 brown near the base ; head pure white, as also the ear-coverts, 

 cheeks, and chin, the hinder cheeks light brown like the sides of the 

 neck ; under surface of the body, from the middle of the throat 

 downwards, light brown, inclining to pale ochraceous on the breast, 

 abdomen, thighs, and under tail-coverts ; the throat and fore neck 

 rather washed with ashy, and having pale fulvescent margins aud 

 lighter shaft-lines down the feathers ; the brown of the throat 

 rather darker where it adjoins the white ; under wiug-coverts and 

 axillaries pale fawn-buff, those along the edge of the wing light 

 brown ; quills brown below, pale reddish along the edge of the 

 inner web ; '• bill horny black ; legs dusky lead-colour ; iris orange- 

 yellow " (Heiir/Uii) ; " legs purplish horn-colour " ( IF. T. Blanford). 

 Total length 0-6 inches, culmen 0*9, wing 4-3, tad. 4-3, tarsus 1-35. 



Adult female. Docs not differ from the male in plumage. Total 

 length S*5 inches, culmen 1, wing 4-2, tail 4, tarsus b-25. The speci- 

 men is moulting ; and the new feathers seem to be very ranch darker 

 brown, the plumage doubtless fading from exposure after a time. 

 As is usual with these white-headed Eabbling Thrushes, the [loung 

 birds have brown heads, and remains of the immature brown 

 plumage are often seen in white-headed individuals. 



Hah. Widely distributed in Xorth-eastern Africa, being resident 

 in Xubia from about 17° ^. lat. to the Lower "White J^ile, and 

 occurring throughout Bogos Land, Abyssinia, and Sennaar, but not 

 higher than 500(J feet. The specimen enumerated below from 

 Senegambia is the first instance of this bird's capture in West 

 Africa ; and though by no means an improbable bird to find there, 

 its occurrence will require confirmation. 



a. Ad. st. Abyssinia. Dr. Eiippell [C.]. 



b. Ad. sk. Anseba river (JEsler). K. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



c. d ad. sk. Anseba vallev, Feb. 27^ 1868 W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. 



(4000 tet-tj. 



d. $ ad.sk. Ain, Sambar, Julv 7, 1868 W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C.]. 



(li'OO feet). 



e. f. Ad. sk. White Nile. F. Galton, Esq. [P.]. 

 g. Ad. sk. River Gambia. Purchased. 



8. Crateropus bicolor. 



Crateropus bicolor, Jard. in Edinh. Jouni. Sd. iii. p. 07, pi. 3 ; Gray, 

 Gen. B. i. p. 224 (184G) ; Bp. (Junsp. i. p. 278 (1850) ; StricU'^- 

 Svl. Contr. Orn. Ifr52, p. 145 ; Anderss. F. Z. S. 1864, p. 7 ; Lai/ard, 

 £. S. Afr. p. 133 (1867 ) ; Grai/, Hattd-l. B. i. p. 280, no. 4129 

 (1869) ; Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 24 (1871"); Gurnet/ in Anderss. 

 B. Dam. Ld. p. 121 (1^72) ; Sharpe, ed. Layards B. S. Afr. 

 p. 210 (1875) ; id. in Oafes, Matabele Land, App. p. 308 (1881). 



Crateropus hypoleiicus, Cab. J.f. O. 1878, pp. 2U5, 226. 



Adult male. Entirely white, with the exception of the quills and 



