476 



TriIELIlD.E. 



tail, which are dark brown ; least wing-coverts white, as also some of 

 the bastard-wing feathers ; median and greater series brown like the 

 quills ; " bill and feet black ; iris reddish orange " {T. E. Buckley). 

 Total length 9-6 inches, culmen 1-05, wing 4-55, tail 4-6, tarsus 1-45. 



Adult female. Exactly like the male. Total length 9-3 inches, 

 culmen r05, wing 4-5, tail 4-5, tarsus 1-4. 



Many specimens have their white plumage interspersed with 

 brown feathers. These are the remains of the young plumage, 

 which is quite different from the adult. 



Yoimr/. Light brown, with darker brown wings and tail ; fore- 

 head with dark shaft^stripes ; sides of face ashy brown, as also the 

 ear-coverts ; throat and breast greyish brown, with a few dark 

 shaft-streaks to the feathers of the throat ; remainder of under 

 surface pale fulvous-brown, lighter in the centre of the abdomen. 



Ohs. The change from the brown plumage of the young to the 

 white livery of the adult bird appears to me to take place some- 

 what irregularh'. Some specimens seem to get their white head 

 and back befoi'e they have lost their brown under surface ; while 

 others, like the type of C. hj/poleucus in the Berlin Museum, get 

 the white throat and breast while the back is still dark brown. It 

 may be that two or three seasons elapse before this species com- 

 pletes its perfect white-and-brown dress, which would account for 

 the number of half-and-half-coloured individuals which are seen 

 in collections. 



Eab. Interior of South Africa from northward of the Orange 

 river to the Zambesi, and along the east coast as far as the Zanzibar 

 district. 



a. Ad. ; b. Juv. sk. South Africa. Sir A. Smith [C.l. 



c. Imm. sk. South Africa. Sir A. Smith [C.]. 



d. Ad. sk. Transvaal. Capt. H. Trevelvan 



(p.y 



e. Ad. sk. Transvaal (Ayres). R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 

 /,(/• <S 2 ad. sk. Tati, Matabele Land, Oct. C. G. & E. W. Oates, 



lS7ijF. Oates). Esqrs. [P.]. 



h. Ad. sk. Lake Ngami (CJiaptnan). R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



^, A;, c? $ ad. sk. Otjimbiuque, Damara Land, R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



Julv 1806 ( C. J.Andersson) . 



I. Imm. sk. Otjimbiuque, March 12, 1803 R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



(C.J.A.). 



m. Ad. St. South Africa. Sir A. Smith [C.]. 



9. Crateropus leucopygius. 



Ixos leucopygius, Ri'qip. Keue Wirb. Taf. 30. fig. 1 (18-35). 

 Crateropus leucopvgius, Hiipp. Syst. Uebers. p. 60 (1845); Gray, 



Gen. B. i. p. 224 (1846) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 278 (1850) ; Cab. Mus. 



Hein, Th. i. p. 85 (1850) ; Heugl. Syst. Uebers. p. 30 (1856) ; id. 



* This is the speoimen noticed in my edition of Layard's ' Birds of South 

 AlViea ' as killed not far from Kingwilliarastown. Capt. Trevelyan, however, 

 tells me that it really came from the Transvaal. 



