68 TUEDIDJE. 



variable, the exposed part in males occasionally measures 0*63 inch, 

 is usually 0'6, and in rare instances as small as 0*48 ; in females 0'6 

 is exccjitionally large, 0-5 is usual, and U-3S exceptionally smaU. 

 Length of wing, male 2"S3to 2-G5 inches, female 2-05 to 2-45 ; length 

 of tail, male 2-3 to 2-1, female 2-1 to 1-88 ; length of culmenO-4 to 0-5. 



iStonmef plumcuie. Upper parts greyer, in high latitudes occa- 

 sionally "with all the yellow and green abraded, leaving the general 

 colour earthy brown, the eje-stripe having faded into greyish white. 

 The pale tips to the feathers of the crown always lost, and tliose to 

 the quills generally so. Much of the yeUow of the underparts also 

 becomes abraded, and in high latitudes all except that on the axil- 

 laries and under wing- coverts, leaving the huffish yellow of the 

 breast and flanks pale grey. 



Autumn plumage similar to the spring plumage in minor details, 

 but yellower, and without the pale tips to the feathers of the crown. 

 Birds of the year are even more yellow than adults, the whole of 

 the underparts being uniform huffish yellow. 



Winter ■plumage. Similar to the summer plumage, but yellower. 



The Willow- Warbler breeds throughout Northern and Central 

 Europe, extending its range in the west of Southern Europe as far 

 as Gibraltar, and m the east as far as Transylvania. In Asia it 

 breeds throughout the pine-regions of Siberia as far east as the 

 vaUey of the Yenesay. It winters in North, Central, and South- 

 eastern Persia, in Greece, Asia Minor, Egypt, and North Africa ; 

 but I have not seen skins from all these localities. That it winters 

 in South Africa, from the Transvaal to the Cape, the fine series of 

 skins in the Museum abundantly proves. 



a. Ad. sk. Devonshire. Col. Montagu [P.]. 



h-f. S ad. sk. ; g-i. Aviiigton, Hants, May 12, R. B. Sharpe, Esq. [P.]. 



$ ad. sk. 1-3. 



k. S ad. sk. Avington, May 5. Capt. Shelley [P.]. 



I. imm. sk. Pagham, Sussex, Sept. '3. II. B Sharpe, Esq. [P.]. 



in. imm. sk. Cookham, Berks, Aug. 28, W. B. Sharpe, E.sq. P.J. 



n. Ad. st. Cookham. Mr. W. Briggs [P.]. 



0. Ad. St. Saffi'ou Walden, Essex. J. Clark, Esq. [C.]. 



p, q. Ad. ; r, s.juv. st. Cambridgeshire. Mr. J. Baker [C.]. 



t. juv. sk. Belfast, Ii-elaud. M. Beresford, Esq. [P.]. 



u, V. Ad. sk. Antwerp, Belgium. R. B. Sharpe, Eiq. [P.]. 



?(.'. Ad. st. France. R. B. Sharpe, Esq. [P.]. 



x.y. (S 9 ad. sk. S. Norwav, July 1860 F. Grodman & O. Salvin, 



(F. G.j. Esqrs. [P.]. 



s. c? jav. sk. HeHgolaud, Oct. 2. H. Seebohm, Esq. [P.]. 



«'. 5 ad. sk. Ust Zylma, Petchora, H. Seebohm, Esq. [P.]. 



June 3, 1875. 

 b'. 2 f'd. sk. Siberia (Yenesay, lat. H. Seebohm, Esq. [P.]. 



6(U°b June 4. 

 c'. Jad.sk. Valle*voftheObb,Aug.lo. Dr. O. Finsch [C.]. 



d'. d ad. sk. Valley of the Obb, Sept. 6. Dr. O. Finsch [C.]. 



e'. (S ad. sk. Sardinia, Yillacidio, April R. B. Sharpe, Esq. [P.]. 



18 (A. B. Broouc). 

 f, //'. (5 ? ad. sk. Constantinople, Oct., Nov. R. B. Sharpe, Esq. [P.]. 



(li'Jjson). 

 h', i'. Ad sk. Tangier I^Olcese). Col. Irby [P.]. 



