198 TUEDID^. 



9. Turdus auduboni. 



Merula silena (Vieill.), apud Sivainson, Phil. Mag. 1827, p. 3G9, apud 



Sicainson, Faun. Bor.-Amer., Birds, p. 186 (1831). 

 Turdus silens ( Vieill.), apud Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 219 (1847) ; apud 



Scloter, P. Z. S. 1858, p. .300, et P. Z. S. 1859, p. 325, et Ibis, 1801, 



p. 282, et Cat. Amer. B. p. 2 (18G2). 

 Tui'dus solitarius, Wilson, apud Sclater, P. Z. S. 1857, p. 212. 

 Turdus auduboui, Buird, Itcviexv, i. p. 16 (1864) ; Gray, Iland-l. B. 



i. p. 254. no. 3685 (1869) ; Sumichrast, Mem. Bost. Soc. N. II. i. 



p. 542 (1869) ; Ilens/iau; Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, lis79, p. 135 ; 



Salv. i^- Godin. Biol. Centr.-Amer. Zool., Aves, i. p. 14 (1879). 

 Tiu'dus pallasii, Cab., var. audubonii, Baird; Coues, Key JV. Amer. B. 



p. 72 (1872) ; Baird, Brewer., 8( Bidgw. Hist. N. Amer. B.i. p. 18 



(1874). 

 Turdus pallasi, Cab. apud Scl. (^- Salv. JVomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 1 



Turdus pallasi. Cab., c. audubonii, Baird; Coues, B. JV. West, p. 3 



(1874). 

 Turdus (Hylocichla) pallasi. Cab., c. auduboni, Baird; Coues, B. 



Color. Vail. p. 21 (1878). 



In the adult male in spring plumage the general colour of tbe 

 upper parts is olive-brown, shading into russet-brown on the upper 

 tail-coverts ; lores brown ; ear-coverts bro^vn, with pale centres ; 

 wing-coverts and innermost secondaries olive-brown, the primary 

 wing-coverts margined on the outside webs with russet-brown ; 

 quills brown, margined on the outside webs with russet-brown ; 

 tail russet-brown. Underparts nearly white, suffused with buff on 

 the breast, under tail-coverts, and under wing-coverts, and with 

 brown on the axillaries and flanks ; the feathers of the cheeks, sides 

 of the neck, and upper breast with fan-shaped dark-lirown terminal 

 spots, and those of the lower breast and upper flanks with obscure 

 paler brown fan-shaped terminal spots ; inner margins of quills buff. 

 Bill dark brown, paler at the base of the under mandible. Wings 

 with the third, fourth, and fifth primaries nearly equal and longest ; 

 second primary slightly longer than the sixth ; bastard primary 0*8 

 inch. Legs, feet, and claws pale brown. Length of wing 4-25 to 

 3-70 inches, tail 3'25 to 2-9, culmen 0-74 to 0'66, tarsus 1-16 

 to 1-13. 



The female does not appear to differ from the male. After the 

 autumn moult the olive-brown of the upper parts is very slightly 

 suffused with russet, but not sufficiently so to admit of its being 

 called russet-brown. Birds of the year have pale tii)S to many of 

 the wing-coverts. Young in first plumage have pale shaft-lines 

 and obscure dark terminal bars to most of the small feathers of the 

 upper parts, and ochraceous tips to the wing-coverts. 



The Mexican form of the Hermit Thrush is a resident in the pine 

 regions of the southern Hocky-Mountains range from Great Salt Lake 

 to Mexico, and has been obtained in winter in Guatemala and Cali- 

 fornia. 



a. Ad. sk. California, Purchased. 



