2. TPRDTJS. 201 



12. Turdus swainsoni. 



Tardus swainsoni, Cab* 



Brown Thrush, Lath. Gen. Si/n. ii. p. 28 (1783). 



Turdus fuscus, Gmi'l. Si/st. Nat. i. p. 817 (178S); L-ith. Inch Oni. i. 



p. :V32 (17yO); Turfon, Linn. Gen.Syst. Nat. i. p. 4'.)7 (1808). 

 Turdus snlitarius, Wilson, Aiwr. O.-n. v. p. 95, pi. xliii. tig. 2 (1812, 



nsc Mii'L, nee Gmel., nee Wilson). 

 Merula wilsonii (Bonap.), amid Sw. Faun, Bor.-Ainer., Birds, p. 182 



(1831). 

 Merula olivacea, Brewer, Pr. Bost. Soc. N. H. i. p. 191 (ISi-i, nee 



Linn.). 

 Tardus olivaceus (Brew.), Giraiid, B. L. L4and, p. 91 (1844, nee 



Linn.); Martens, Journ. Orn. 18)9, p. 212 (nee Linn.). 

 Tardus swainsoni, Cab. Tschudis Faun. Per.^^. 188 (1846); id. Mus, 



Jlein. i. p. b (1850) ; Solater, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 451 ; Baird, Cass., 



4- Lawr. B. N. Amer. p. 216 (1858); Sclater, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 326 ; 



Gxndlaeh, Journ. Orn. 1861, p. 324 ; Sel. Cat. Amer. B. p. 2 



(1862); Baird, Reoiew, p. 19 (1864); Pelzeln, Orn. Bras. ii. p. 92 



(1868); Da'l Sf Bann. Tr. Chic. Acad. i. p. 275 (1869); Gratj, 



Hand-l. B. i. p. 254. no. 3682 (1869); Frantzius, Journ. Orn. 



186;j, p. 289; Cones, Kei/ N. Amer. 5. p. 73(1872); Selater S^ 



Salo. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 255 ; iid. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 1 (1873) ; 



Baird, Brewer, 3,- Ridi/w. Hist. N. Amer. B. p. 14 (1874) ; Taez. 



P. Z. S. 1874, p. 503; Salv. iy Godni. Biol. Centr.-Amer. Zool., Aves, 



i. p. 10 (1879). 

 Turdus minimus, Lafresn. Rev. Zool. 1848, p. 5 ; Sclater, P. Z. S. 



1.^54, p. 111. 

 Turdus (llvlociclila) swainsoni (Cab.), Cones, Birds Colorado Vail. 



p. 34 (1878). 



In the adult male in spring plumage the general colour of the 

 upper parts is almost uuit'orm olive-brown ; lores brown ; traces 

 of a buff eye-stripe above the lores and extending round the eye ; 

 ear-coverts brown, with pale buff centres. Underparts nearly white, 

 shading into brown on the flanks, and suffused with buff on the chin, 

 cheelvs, and throat ; the feathers of the checks, lower throat, breast, 

 and upper flanks with brown terminal fan-shaped spots ; axillaries 

 and under wing-coverts buff, more or less suffused with browu ; 

 inner margin of quills pale huffish brown. Bill dark brown, paler 

 at the base of the under mandible. Wings with the third primary 

 slightl)' the longest, second primary slightly shorter than the 

 fourth, but considerably longer than the fifth, bastard primary 

 0*6 to 0"45 inch. Legs, feet, and claws pale brown. Length of wing 

 4"1 to 3'6 inches, tail 2-88 to 2-45, culmen 0'65 to 0-56, tarsus 1-13 

 to 1-05. 



* According to the rfiles of the British Association, the name given by 

 Gmelin to this species should be adopted instead of that given by Cabanis more 

 than half a, century later. Coues, in his ' Birds of the Cokirado Valley ' (p. 34), 

 states that the name given by Gmelin had been previously applied to another 

 species ; but I have been unable to discover any such application. The name 

 of Tardus swainsoni, having been most generally used, I prefer to retain it. 



