348 TtlEBIDJE. 



darker on the two centre tail-feathers. Bill, legs, feet, and claws 

 black. Wings with the third, fourth, and fifth primaries nearly equal 

 and longest ; second primary about equal to the seventh ; bastard 

 primary 1-2 inch. Length of wing 4"3 to 4-05 inches, tail 3-3 to 

 3-01, culmen 0-6 to 0-59, tarsus 1-1. 



In the adult female in full autumn plumage the general colour of 

 the upper parts, including the quills, is drab, slightly darker on the 

 lores and ear-coverts, and nearly white on the margins of the greater 

 wing-coverts and innermost secondaries ; the rump, upper tail- 

 coverts, and tail are a somewhat duller chestnut than in the male. 

 The underparts are drab, slightly paler on the chin, axiUaries, 

 under wing-coverts, inner margin of quills, and centre of belly, and 

 suifused with pale chestnut on the under tail-coverts. The only 

 changes of importance which take place in spring are that in the 

 male the grey margins to the feathers of the head are partially cast, 

 leaving the white centres more conspicuoiis, and in the female the 

 pale edges to the greater wing-coverts and innermost secondaries 

 become more or less abraded. Birds of tlie year do not differ from 

 adults. Young in first plumage have very obscure pale centres to 

 the feathers of the upper and under parts ; the male resembles the 

 female, except in having the wings of the adult male, with the addi- 

 tion of buff tips to the wing-coverts and innermost secondaries. 



Giildenstadt's Redstart breeds in the birch- and pine-regions of 

 the Caucasus, Turkestan, the Himalayas, and the mountain -ranges 

 between Thibet and China. It has also occurred near Lake Baical. 

 In winter it descends into the valleys. 



a. $ ad. sk. Yarkand. R.B. Sharpe,Esq. [P.]. 



h. S ad. sk. Cashmere. Pm'chased. 



c. S ad. sk. Cashmere. India Museum. 



d. (S ad. sk. Nepal {Hodgson). India Museum. 



e. 2 ad. sk. Boo tan {Petnberton). India Museum. 



(Type of H. vigorsi, Moore.) 

 /. g. (S ad. sk. Kashgar (Dr. Belleu^. India Museum. 



h. 6,i-2 ad. sk. Gilgit; Cashmere, Feb. 1880. Dr. J. Scully [P.]. 



10. Ruticilla erythronota. 



Sylvia erythronota, Ecersm. Add. Pall. Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat. fasc. ii. 



p. 11 (1841). 

 Ruticilla erythronota (Eversm.), Bp. Consjh i. p. 297 (1850) ; Gray, 



Hand-l.B. i. p. 221. no. 3167 (1869); Severtz. Turkest. Jevotn. 



p. 65 (Ibl-i); Dresser, Ibis, 1876, p. 77; Blanf. East. Pers. ii. p. 167 



(1876) ; Tacz. Bull. Soc. Zool. France, i. p. 143 (1876). 

 Sylvia (Ruticilla) erythronota (Eversm.), Middend. Eeis. Sibir. Zool. 



ii. pt. 2, p. 175 (1853). 

 Ruticilla riifogularis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1854, p. 27, pi. lix. ; Horsf. 



S)- Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E.I. Co. i. p. 306 (1854) ; Gray, Iland-l. 



B. i. p. 221. no. 3169 (1869) ; Hume*, Ibis, 1870, p. 630. 

 Ruticilla alaschanica, Prjev. Bowleg's Orn. Misc. ii. p. 175, pi. liv. 



fig. 2 (1877). 

 In the adult male in full autumn plumage the head and nape are 

 Blate-grey, the tips of the feathers being brown, half concealing pale 



* Spelt rufigularis. 



