352 TURDID.E. 



primaries and secondaries dark brown ; innermost secoadaries nearly 

 black, -with a broad white margin on the enter edge ; tail-feathers 

 black, with concealed chestnut bases, except the two central feathers, 

 which are black tliroughout. Sides of the neck, ear-coverts, cheeks, 

 chin, throat, and fore neck black, with the exception of a large, 

 irregular, round, white spot in the centre of the lower throat and 

 fore neck ; the rest of the undcrparts deep rich chestnut, the 

 feathers of the centre of the belly tipped with white ; axillaries and 

 under wing-coverts black with white tips; thighs black. Bill, legs, 

 and claws black. AYing considerably rounded and concave ; fourth and 

 fifth primaries nearly equal and longest, second primary intermediate 

 in length between the ninth and tenth; bastard primary l*05to0-95 

 inch, rather broad, not quite half the lengtii of the second primary. 

 Length of wing 3-2 to 3-1 inches, tail 2-8 to 2-7, culmen 0-6 to 0-56, 

 tarsus 0"95 to 0'9. 



In the adult male in hreeding-pluinar/e the cobalt-blue on the 

 crown has nearly disappeared by abrasion, but remains conspicuous 

 on the forehead and supercilium. The dark brown of the wings has 

 faded into brown, and the chestnut of both the upper and under 

 parts is less deep and rich. 



Adult female in fuU atitumn phmiar/e. General colour of the 

 upper parts rich sooty brown, with a slight tinge of pale cobalt on 

 the forehead, and of chestnut on the tips of the scapulars ; the 

 feathers of the rump and upper tail-coverts deep rich chestnut, with 

 concealed dark bases ; lesser wing-coverts dark brown, with obscure 

 pale edges ; median wing-coverts white ; greater wing-coverts dark 

 brown, with obscure pale chestnut edges ; primary wing-coverts 

 brown ; quills brown, with an obscure narrow chestnut-brown 

 margin to the outer edges ; innermost secondaries dark brown, with 

 narrow white margins to the outer edges, tinged with rufous towards 

 the tips ; tail dark brown, the basal half more or less tinged with 

 chestnut, except the two central feathers, which are dark brown 

 throughout. The general colour of the underparts is a somewlat 

 duller sooty brown, with an irregular white spot, somewhat smaller 

 than that of the male, in the centre of the lower throat and fore neck. 

 The centre of the belly shows more white than in the male, and a 

 trace of chestnut is observable ; the under tail-coverts are pale 

 chestnut ; axillaries and under wing-coverts black with white tips ; 

 thighs dark brown. 



I have been unable to meet with skins of females in hreeding- 

 plumage or of young in first plumage. Immature birds are said to 

 want the white spot on the throat, or to have it imperfectly deve- 

 loped, and in this plumage have been described as R. nigrogidaris. 



The White-throated Redstart breeds in the wooded valleys of 

 Kansu, and winters in Nepal and Sikkim. It probably breeds also 

 in the pine-regions of the latter countries. 



a. S ad. sk. Nepal. B. H. Hodgson, Esq. [P.]. 



(Type of Phcenicura schidiceps, flodgs.) 



b, c. J 5 ad. sk. Nepal (Hodffsun). India Museum. (Type of 



Ruticilla nigrogularis, Moore.) 



