386 TiniDiu-E. 



Svlvia stapazina (Zjh«.) {(S partiin, nee ^) , apud Lath. Iiid. Orn. 

 "ii.p. 530 (17!J0). 



Vitirttira rufa ( c5' parfitn, nee 2 ), Steph. Shaw's Gen. Zool. x. p. 569 

 (1817); Brehm, T^of/. Deufschl. -p. iOQ (1831, partim). 



Saxicola stapazina (Linn.), npud Temm. Man. d'Orn. i. p. 239 (1820, 

 partim) ; apud Meyer, Taschenh. Zus. u. Ber. p. 98 (1822, partiin) ; 

 apud Gould, B. Eur. ii. pi. xci. (1837, partim) ; apud Keys. u. Bias. 

 Wirb. Eur. pp. lix, 193 (1840) ; apud Nordm. Deniid. Voy. liuss. 

 merid. iii. p. 131 (1840j ; apud Riipp. Syst. Uehers. p. 58 (1845) ; 

 apud Deyl. Orn. Eur. i. p. 486 (1840) ; apud Bp. Consp. i. p. 303 

 (1850, partim) ; apud Cab. Mus. Hein. i. p. 10 (1850, jmrfim) ; apud 

 Heuyl. Syst. Uebers. p. 26 (1856) ; apud Tristram, Ibis, 1859, 

 p. 300 ; apud Linderm. Vdff. Gr?>fAf'W^. p. 110 (1800); apud Newt, 

 List B. Eur. Blusius, p. IL) (1862, partim) ; apud Filipjn, Viagy. 

 Pers. p. 347 (1865) ; apud Deyl. et Gerbe, Orn. Eur. i. p. 454 

 (18G7 , partim) ; apud Hew /l. Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 349 (1869) ; apud 

 Doderl. Avif. Sicil. p. Ill (1869) ; aJ7ud Gray, Hand-l. B. i. 

 p. 224. no. 3207 (1869, partim) ; apud Fritsch, Vog. Eur. p. 194 

 (1870) ; apud Salvad. Faun. Ital. Ucc. p. 88 (1871). 



Saixcola xauthomelfena, Hempr. et Ehr. Symh. Phys., Aves, fol. aa 

 (1833, autumn plumage) ; Ileugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. p. 349 (1869). 



Saxicola eiinTuelffina, Hemp, et Ehr. Symb. Fhys., Aves, fol. bb 

 (183.3, summer plumage); Tristram, Ibis, 1867, p. 95; Gray, 

 Hand-l. B. i. p. 225. no". 3218(1869); Shelley, B.Egypt, p. 73 (1872). 



Saxicola albicilla, von Miill. Naumannia, iv. p. 28 (1851) ; id. Beitr. 

 Orn. Afr. pi. iii. (1853). 



Saxicola melanoleuca (G-'mW.), Blanf. S,- Dresser, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 222; 

 Dresser, B. Eur. pt. xxv. (1874); Dresser 4- Blanf. Ibis, l.s74, 

 pp. 338, 340 ; Blanford, East. Pers. ii. p. 150 (1876) ; Bogd. B. 

 Cauc. p. 92 (1879). 



Adult male in hreeding-plumarie. General colour white, frequently 

 suffused with grey on the head and with buff on the back and 

 breast ; a patch of black on the sides of the head includes a narrow 

 frontal line, the lores, the feathers round the eye, the ear-coverts, 

 and extends some way down the sides of the neck, embracing the 

 entire chin and throat, but not extending quite to the wing ; wings, 

 wing-coverts, axillaries, under wing-coverts, and under surface of 

 wings black ; tail-feathers white, the two central feathers black for 

 the terminal two thirds, the two outer feathers broadly tipped with 

 black, the black tips to the remainder being narrower, and generally 

 quite obsolete on several. Eill, legs, feet, and claws black. Wing 

 with the third and fourth primaries nearly equal and longest, 

 second primary intermediate in length between the fifth and sixth, 

 bastard primary 0-85 to 0-6 inch. Length of wing 3-65 to 3-3 

 inches, tail 2'4 to 2*25, culmen 0-6 to 0'55, tarsus 0-85 to 0*83. 



In i\ie female the general colour of the upper parts is an almost 

 uniform brown, darker on the wings and darkest on the tail; the 

 rump and the white on the tail-feathers are the same as in the male ; 

 the feathers of the throat are buff, showing half-concealed dark 

 bases ; breast buff, shading into huffish white on the rest of the 

 underparts, except the axillaries and under wing-coverts, which are 

 dark brown. It is not known that any change in the colour of the 

 plumage is produced by the autumn moult. Birds of the year have 



