3. C0RVU8. 15 



Adult male. General colour above glossy steel-blaclj with a pur- 

 plish lustre, the base of the feathers greyish ; wings browner and 

 more bronzy than the back, the coverts and the secondaries purplish 

 at their bases, the latter also washed with purple externally ; pri- 

 maries externally steel-black, with no shade of green ; tail purplish 

 black, inclining to steel-black on the two outer tail-feathers ; head 

 glossy purplish black, the sides of the face and the feathers of the 

 neck silky black, with somewhat of a purplish-brown shade ; entire 

 under surface of body glossy blue-black, slightly shaded with purple, 

 the feathers of the throat extremely lanceolate and long ; these plumes 

 glossy purplish brown, those of the fore neck more distinctly glossed 

 with purple ; bill and legs black ; iris brown. Total length 24 

 inches, culmen 3-15, wing 17"5, tail lU-5, tarsus 2-85. 



06s. The following Table of measurements is arranged according 



CORVUS LAWEENCII. 



Corvus lawrencii, Hume, Lahore to YarJc. p. 235 ; id. S. F. 1873, p. 205 ; 

 Adam, t. c. p. 385 ; Hume, Nests and Eggs Ind. B. p. 408 ; Stoliczka, 

 S. F. 1864, p. 474; Ball, 8. F. 1875, p. 207; Hume, t. e. p. 493. 



This Raven, the ordinary species of the Panjab, was separated by Mr. Hume 

 on account of its small size. He writes : — " In a Greenland specimen tlie bill 

 measures 3'4 at front, straiglit from forehead to point ; while, similarly mea- 

 sured, the bills of the Panjab do not exceed 2-8, and those of the Tibetan birds 

 318. The height of the two mandibles closed is about TO in the Panjab birds, 

 1'2 in the Tibetan birds, and 1-25 in the Greenland specimen. ]S"o male of the 

 Panjab bird, out of numbers measured in the flesh, exceeded 24-75 inches in 

 length, no female exceeded 23'7."^ and no male weighed more than 2 pounds 

 5 ounces.'' Air. Dresser, in the ' Birds of Europe,' unhesitatingly refers G. 

 lawrencii to C. corax ; but I think it will most probably turn out to be C. um- 

 brinus. 



CoRVUS CRYPTOLEUCUS. 



Corvus cryptoleucus, Couch, Pr. Acad. Nat. ScL Philad. 1854, p. 66; Baird 

 in B. N. Am. p. 565, pi. xxii. ; Dresser, Ibis, 1855, p. 494 ; Cooper, Orn. 

 Calif, i. p. 284 ; Grray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 13 ; Coues, Key N. Amer. B. 

 p. 162; Baird, Brewer, ^ Ridgw. N. Am. B. ii. p. 242; Coues, B. North- 

 west, p. 206. 

 Glossy black, with -violet reflections ; feathers of neck all round, back and 

 breast snow-white at the base ; feathers of throat lanceolate ; bristly feathers 

 along the base of the bill covering it for nearly two thirds of its length. The 

 fourth quill is longest, the third and fifth equal, the second longer than the 

 sixth, the first about equal to seventh. Length about 21 inches, wing 140, tail 

 8-5. {Baird # Eidgw. I. c.) 



Hah. Valley of Rio Grande and Gila ; abundant on the Llano Estacado and 

 at Eagle Pass, Texas ; Colorado {Baird, Brewer, ^- Ridgw. I. c). 



Obs. The authoi-s of ' North-American Birds ' keep this species distinct from 

 C. cora.v, with the following diognoses (ii. p. 233) : — 



1. C. corax, var. carniwrus. Length about 25'00, wing 17'00, tail lO'OO ; 



gradation of tail 1'60 to 240. Feathers of the neck and breast light 

 grey beneath surface. 



2. C. cryptoleucus. Length about 21 00, wing 14'00, tail 8'50; gradation of 



tail 1'25. Feathers of neck and breast snowy white beneath surface. 

 Not having seen a specimen of this Raven, I reproduce the description given 

 ill the above-mentioned work. 



