56 CORVID.E. 



as also is the entire under surface of the body, the streaks being 

 narrow on the throat but very broad on the breast, so that, as on 

 the upper surface, the prevailing colour of the feathers is white, 

 with a narrow edging of blackish brown ; under tail-coverts pure 

 white ; under wing-coverts coloured like the breast, the inner lining 

 of the quills ashy brown, with no white patch on the inner web of 

 any of the primaries ; bill homy brown ; legs black. Total length 

 14 inches, culmeu 1'8, wing 7'6o, tail 6-2, tarsus 1-55. 



Obs. As with the other species of Nutcracker, great difference is 

 to be observed in the size of the bill. In the only two specimens 

 the sex of which is known, the male has the longer and the thinner 



bm. 



Hah. Cashmere. 



a. Ad. sk. [Cashmere.] Dr. Jerdon [P.]. 



b. Ad. sk. Cashmere. R. B. Sharpe, Esq. [P.]. 



c. d. (J 5 ^d. sk. Cashmere. Purchased. 



e. Ad. sk. [Cashmere.] J. Gould, Esq. (Type of 



species.) 

 /. 5 ad. sk. Cashmere, 12,000 feet, Pm-chased. 



Oct. 1875. 



4. Nucifraga Columbiana. 



Corvus columbianus, Wils. Amer. Orn. iii. p. 29, pi. 20. fig. 3; Nutt. 



Man. Orn. i. p. 218. 

 Corvus megonyx, Wagler, Sy.it. Av. Corvus, sp. 20. 

 Nucifraga columbiaua, Andub. Orn. Bior/r. iv. p. 459 ; id. B. Amer. 



iv. p. 127, pi. 235 ; Gro'i, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 9. 

 Picicorvus columbianus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 384 ; Baird, B. N. Amer. 



p. 573; Lord, Natural, in Brit. Cohnnb. p. 126; Dull i^- Bann. Tr. 



Chicago Acad. i. p. 280 ; Cooper, Orn. Calif, p. 289 ; Couct, Ibis, 



1872, p. 52 ; id. Key N. Amer. B. p. 1G2, tig. 104 ; Baird, Brewer, 



d)- Ridy. N. Amer. B. ii. p. 255, pi. 38. fig. 4 ; Coues, B. Xorth-west, 



p. 207. 



Adult female. General colour above ashy grey, paler on the head 

 and neck, and becoming more dingy on the lower back and rump, 

 the upper tail-coverts being slaty black ; wings greenish black, the 

 least coverts ashy grey, like the back, the outer secondaries broadly 

 tipped with white ; two centre tail-feathers greenish black, the next 

 one on each side greenish black on the inner and white on the outer 

 web, the four outer feathers pure white ; bristles over the nostrils 

 and lores ashy white, the sides of the face also "n^ashed with silvery 

 white ; chin white, rest of under surface ashy grey, darker on the 

 thighs; under tail-coverts pure white; under wing- coverts blackish, 

 as also the inner lining of the quills ; bill and feet black. Total 

 length 11 inches, culmeu 1-6, wing 7"2, tail 4' 7, tarsus 1*4. 



Adult male. Similar to the female. Total length 10*5 inches, 

 culmen 1'55, wing 7* 15, tail 4-6, tarsus 1-4. 



Young. Eather browner than the adult, and with a horny brown 

 bill, only 1-2 inch in length ; lower back with obsolete whitish 

 edgings to the feathers ; some of the small plumes on the upper and 



