144 CORVID^. 



gape a large pendent wattle " of a rich orange colour in life ; bill 

 ivorj'-white, darkening to blackish grey at the base ; tarsi and toes 

 bluish grey, the claws light horn-colour " {Bidler). Total length 

 19 inches, culnien 2-5, wing 8"3, tail 8, tarsus 3"25. 



Adult female. Similar to the male in colour, but distinguished by 

 its long curved bill. Total length 19-5 inches, culmen 3-9, wing 

 7-95, tail 8, tarsus 3-05. 



Obs. " In some examples the white at the end of the tail is tinged 

 more or less with rufous, while in others the under tail-coverts are 

 tipped with white. It should be noted also that the brightness of 

 the fleshy wattles depends, in some measure, on the health or 

 condition of the bird ; for during sickness they change to lemon- 

 yeUow. The palate and soft parts of the throat are bright yellow. 

 The tongue is horny at the tip, bifurcate, and furnished with minute 

 barbs." {Bidler, I. c.) 



It appears to me that the white markings on the under tail-coverts 

 are a sign of immaturity, as both the birds so marked in the collec- 

 tion are young females with the bills not fully grown. 



JIab. North Island, New Zealand. 



a,b,c. cJ ad. sk. Wainuiouiata Valley, Ei- Colonial Museum [C.j. 



mutaka range, Province 



of Wellington (Dr. 



Sector). 

 <?-^. $ ad. andjun.sk. Wainuiomata Valley. Colonial Museum [C], 



h. d" ad. St. New Zealand. Percy Earl, Esq. [C.]. 



i. 2 ^d. St. New Zealand. Sir George Grey [P.J. 



38. CREADION. „ 



Type. 



Creadion, Viedl. N. Did. dHist. I\at. viii. p. .390 (1817) C. carunculatus. 

 Oxystomus, Sumins. Classif. B. ii. p. 270 (1837) .... C. carunculatus. 



llange. New Zealand. 



1. Creadion carunculatus. 



Wattled Stare, Lath. Gen. Sijn. iii. p. 9, pi. 36. 



Sturnus carunculatus, Gm. S. N. i. p. 805. 



Creadion pharoides, Vieill. N. Diet. cTHist. Nat. viii. p. 390. 



Icterus rut'usater, Less. Voy. Cuqudle, i. p. (349, pi. xxiii. tig. 1. 



Xantbornus carunculatus, Quoy et Gaiin. Voy. de I'Astrol. i. p. 212, 



pi. 12. tig. 4. 

 Oxystomus carunculatus. Steams. Classif. B. ii. p. 270. 

 Creadio carunculatus, G7-ay, Gen. B. ii. p. 338 ; id. Voy. Ereb. ^■ 



Terror, Birds, p. 8 ; Bp. Comp. i. p. 389 ; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. 



p. 22; Finsch, J.f. O. 1872, p. 167, 1874, p. 192; Bidler, B. N. 



Zeal. p. 149, pi. 15 ; Sharpe, Voy, Ereb. ^- Terror, Birds, App. 



p. 26. 

 Creadio carunculatus, Cab. Mus. Hein. Th. i. p. 218. 

 Creadion cinereus, Buller, Essay N.Z. Orn. p. 10; Gray, Iland-l. 



B. ii. p. 22. 



Adult male. Head and neck all round, sides of face and of neck, 

 glossy jet-black ; mantle, scapulars, and entire back deep chestnut ; 



