21. PYCNONOTUS. 133 



ashy white, browner on the flanks and sides of the body, the breast 

 mottled with brown bases to the feathers ; thighs brown ; under 

 tail-coverts bright yellow ; under wing- coverts and axillaries light 

 ashy brown, tinged with 3^ollow on the edge of the wing ; quills 

 brown below, ash}- brown along the edge of the inner web ; " eye- 

 lid black" (£". C.Buxton); "bill, tarsi, and feet black; iris dark 

 umber" (T. Aijres). Total length 7'8 inches, culmen 0-8, wing 

 3'75, tail 3-4, tarsus 0-9. {Mus. J. H. OurneAj.) 



Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 

 7*5 inches, culmen 0-8, wing 3-7, tail 3-3, tarsus 0"S5. {Mus. 

 J. H. Guraey.) 



The present species in breeding-plumage alwaj's looks much 

 darker than in the winter plumage, when the light edges to the 

 feathers are more perfect, and a slight shade of olive, scarcely per- 

 ceptible, pervades the upper surface. The summer dress seems to be 

 merely an intensifying of the winter one, by reason of the disap- 

 pearance of the light margins to the feathers above and below. 



Specimens from the east coast of Africa are apparently identical 

 in plumage, but seem to be somewhat smaller in dimensions. 



Total 



length. Cuhuen. Wing. Tail. Tarsus, 



iu. in. in. in. in. 



rt Mombas (TFrtA-p/eW) 7-0 0-S 3-4 3-1 0-85 



b. „ „ 7-3 0-75 3-3 3-0 08 



c. c? „ {Hildebmndt) 7-0 0-75 3-35 3-1 0-85 



Young (Xingwilliamstown ; H. Trevclyau). Similar in plumage 

 to the adult, but rather more fluify. The general colour more of 

 a reddish brown, the wing-coverts and quills edged with the latter 

 colour ; head dingj- brown instead of black ; under surface of body 

 duller than in the adult, and much lighter yellow on the under 

 tail-coverts. 



Layard's Yellow-vented Bulbul inhabits the eastern districts of 

 the Cape Colony, ranging through Xatal and the Transvaal to 

 Damara Land on the west and the Zambesi on the east, whence it 

 extends up the east coast as far as Mombas, decreasing in size in 

 Eastern Africa. 



a. S ad. sk. Grahamstown (T. C. At- E. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



niore). 



b. 2 ad. sk. Eland's Post (T. C. At- E. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



more). 



c. Ad. sk. CaftVaria (Sclwmhuryh). E. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



d. Ad., e,f. Juv. Kingwilliamstown. Lieut. II. Trevelyan [P.]. 

 sk. 



g. Ad. sk. Kingwilliamstown. Lieut. Anstey [P.]. 



h. 5 ad.sk. Natal. Dr. Gueiuzius [C.J. 



i. Ad. sk. Natal. E. B. Sharpe, Esq. 



k. Ad. sk. Natal. T. Avres, Esq. [C.]. 



/. Ad. sk. Durban, April 2-3 {F. C. G. & W. Oates, Esqrs. 



Oates). [P.]. 



m. $ ad. sk. Between Pretoria and Ba- C. G. & W. Oates, Esqrs. 



mangwato, July {F.Outes). [!'•]• 



