166 TllTELIIDJE, 



Ohs. It is very probable that this may prove to be a sex of 

 T. ediutrdi, but there are several reasons why this should not be the 

 case. In the Leiden Museum are live birds of the present species, 

 all alike, and all determined as males. Again, although the late 

 Mr. Crossley collected numerous examples of T. eduardi, he never 

 once came across any 'white-throated birds, which he would surely 

 have done if they had been of the same species, as it was evident that 

 Ti/las was not a scarce bird in the parts he visited. While admitting 

 that the subject is full of difficulty, I think it possible that there may 

 turn out to be in Madagascar five distinct races or species of Tylas. 



The Buff-breasted Black-headed Bulbul is only known from South- 

 western Madagascar. The specimens collected by Mr. Audebert, and 

 now in the Leiden Museum, are marked " Lavary." 



•5. Tylas strophiatus. 



Tylas strophiatus, Stejner/er, Orn. Centralbl. 1870, p. 182. 



Above ashy grey ; the head black, with a slight steel gloss, the 

 forehead scarcely distinct ; lores and region of the eye black ; chin 

 "white, with a small black spot ; throat and fore neck pure white ; 

 a pale grej' pectoral band decidedly circumscribed ; rest of the 

 belly whitish, tinged with ochraceous. Bill from front 0'8 inch, 

 ■wing 4'15, tail 3-4, tarsus 0-85. 



Stejneger's Black-headed Bulbul is only known from Western 

 Madagascar. I have never seen a specimen. 



25. RUBIGULA. 



Type. 

 Brachypus, Sroains. Faun. Bor.-Amer. p. 485 (1839, 



nee Sw. 1827) R. dispar. 



Rubigula, BIyth, J. A. S. Beng. xiv. p. 576 (1846) . . R. dispar. 



Ixodia, BIyth, torn. cit. p. 578 (1845) K. cyaniventris, 



Meropixus, Bp. V. R. xxxviii. p. 58 (1854) R. melanictera. 



Bill of Eubigula dispar. 



Key to the Species. 

 Breast uniform. 

 a'. Belly yellow. 



a". Throat fiery red. 



a'". Larger: chin conspicuously black ; entire 



throat brilliant scarlet dispar, p. 167. 



b'". Smaller: black chiu-spot scarcely visible ; 

 throat orange-scarlet, the lower part of it 

 yellow, like the rest of the under sur- 

 face gidaris, p. 167. 



i". Throat yellow, like the rest of the under sur- 

 face of body melanictera, p. 168 



