1. KETUPA. 7 



Adult female (type of species). General colour tawny variegated 

 with black, all the feathers of the upper surface centred with black, 

 the head streaked with this colour ; the dorsal feathers black, barred 

 near the base and spotted near the tip with tawny ; all these tawuy 

 markings very irregular in shape, and gi\'ing a mottled appearance 

 to the whole of the u^jper surface ; scapulars externally uniform 

 tawny, some of them inclining to white on the outer web, and giving 

 slight indications of a shoulder-patch ; least wing-coverts black, 

 slightly spotted with tawny, and hence appearing darker than the 

 back, the greater and median series black, notched and barred with 

 tawuy, just like the back, the greater series whitish at tip ; piimary 

 coverts blackish, tipped with tawny and crossed with two rows of 

 tawny spots ; quills blackish, with a broad terminal band of light 

 brown, shading off into whitish, especially on the primaries, which 

 are tipped with whitish only ; all the quills barred or deei^ly notched 

 with tawny on both webs, these not forming continuous bands across 

 the feathers, but the spots or notches paler and more fulvous on the 

 outer web, especially on the piimaries, the notches on the secon- 

 daries often obscured with dusky brown shading ; tail blackish, with 

 pale tawny-coloured tip, and crossed with five other bands of 

 deeper tawny colour ; ear-tufts very long, measuring 3-25 inches, 

 tawny in colour centred ^vith black, the latter colour predominating 

 on the outer feathers ; lores pure white, with hair- like black shaft- 

 lines ; cheeks, eor-coverts, and sides of neck with black shaft-lines, 

 broader on the latter ; feathers just behind the eye black ; chin 

 white ; the throat tawny, with very narrow black shaft- streaks, 

 broader on the fore neck, which is again pure white ; remainder of 

 under surface clear tawny, all the feathers broadly centred with 

 black streaks, the flanks and abdominal plumes indistinctly waved 

 with lighter bars, the remains of faintly indicated lateral spots of 

 buffy white ; imder tail-coverts narrowly centred with black ; under 

 wing- coverts deep tawny, the inner plumes and axiUars with narrow 

 blackish shaft-lines, the outer ones marked with black near the edge 

 of the wing, which is white, the greater series dusky brown, tawny 

 buff at base, thus resembling the inner lining of the quills, which 

 are blackish brown below, barred with pale tawny buff, more 

 plainly on the inner web, which is entirely tawny buff' at base ; bUl 

 deep bluish black, lighter at the base, which is concealed by pro- 

 truding feathers ; inside of mouth pale yellowish flesh-colour ; rim 

 of eyelid deep purplish brown ; iris fiiie orange-yellow ; exposed 

 portion of tarsus and toes dingy, with a tinge of clay-colour, yel- 

 lowish on terminal scutes of toes ; claws bluish black, fading to light 

 leaden at their bases. Total length 25 inches, wing 18*8, tail 10-5, 

 tarsus 3-1, feathered to mthin 1*1 inch of the base of toes. (Mus. E. 

 Swinhoe.) 



Hah. Ningpo, China. 



Ohs. Mr. Swinhoe has given an excellent description of this 

 species, drawn from the birds as they lay in the flesh. My mea- 

 surements are different from Mr. Swinhoe's, doubtless because thej' 

 are taken from the skin. It will be better, therefore, to reproduce 



