16 liUBONID^. 



irregular shape : all the other feathers more or less distinctly barred 

 with deep tawny buff, the inner Avebs for the most part bright 

 tawny, with irregular lines of blackish, more thickly distributed 

 towards the tips of the feathers, which arc here thickly though 

 minutely spotted with brown, as are all the tawny bands on the outer 

 webs ; lores and feathers in front of and below the eye whitish, with 

 narrow blackish shaft-lines ; above the eye a patch of black feathers ; 

 sides of face dull tawny, irrorated with narrow circular bars of 

 brown ; sides of neck coloured like the hind neck, but less strongly 

 marked ; chin pure white, as also the fore neck, separated from each 

 other by a narrow cordon of tawny feathers centred with black, and 

 having small lateral bars of the same ; crop covered with tawny buff 

 down, succeeded by a patch of white feathers in the centre of the 

 breast ; rest of under surface of body light tawny buff, most of the 

 feathers with a slight glistening of silvery white, all of the chest- 

 feathers very broadly streaked down the centre with black, and 

 likewise laterally spotted or barred with irregular lines of black, 

 these central black streaks much narrower on the breast and abdo- 

 men, which are likewise very regularly, though narrowly, barred 

 across with blackish ; under tail-coverts deep tawny, barred across 

 with narrow lines of black ; leg-feathers deep tawny, with irregular 

 transverse washings of blackish ; under wing-coverts tawny, the inner 

 ones whitish, with narrow zigzag cross lines of black, the lower 

 series brown, tawny at base ; inner lining of wing dull brown, 

 barred with tawny buff on inner web, most of the quills entirely 

 tawny buff at base of the latter, more or less minutely speckled with 

 brown ; bill and claws blackish horn-colour ; iris rich orange. Total 

 length 26 inches, wing 18'6, tail 11-2, tarsus 3-2. 



Young female in first year s plumage (October 27th, 1872). Very 

 similar to the adults, and presenting few appreciable differences; 

 many of the feathers of the upper surface glossed with silvery white, 

 the light mottlings being larger on many of the dorsal feathers ; 

 middle tail-feathers more coarsely and distinctly mottled with whitish, 

 affording indications of five ill-defined bars ; upper wing-coverts 

 much blacker than in the adult, with fewer transverse vermicula- 

 tions. Total length 27 inches, wing 19-4, tail 11-5, tarsus 3-2. 



Ohs. The descriptions are taken fi-om Swedish specimens, care- 

 fully sesed and dated ; and other specimens from the same country 

 show very little differences. On the other hand, the two examples 

 mentioned below fi'om Archangel are much blacker on the upper 

 surface generally, the head and neck very bright orange buff, with 

 the usual broad black mesial streaks ; the under surface of the body 

 is also much paler. ((7/". also Dresser, B. Eur. I. c.) 



Hah. The whole of Europe and ?f orthern Asia, ranging south into 

 Northern China and the Himalayas, also occurring rarely in North- 

 eastern Africa. 



a. Ad. st. Em-ope. A. D. Bartlett, Esq. 



b. Pull. sk. England (bred in confinement). J. Gould, Esq. [C.J. 



c. Ad. sk. Hisinger, S. Sweden, Nov. 2nd, Prof. A. W. Malm [P.]. 



1858. 



