12. PRATIXC'OLA. 183 



aud showiug Ihe dark sti'cak and patch much less. Total length 

 5-5 inches, culmen 0*7, wing 2"9, tail 2, tarsus 0'93. (Hume.) 



Obs. For the differences in plumage between this species and P. 

 rubetra, cf. ilr. Hume's articles {I.e.). 



Hub. North-western provinces of India. 



3. Pratincola insignis. 



Saxicola insigTiis, Hoctr/s. in Grat/'s Zool. Misc. p. 83. 

 Pratincola iusignis, Blyth, J. A. S. B. xvi. p. 129; Bp. 



p. 305 ; Jerd. B. Ind. ii. p. 127 ; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 228, 



no. 3284 ; Dresser, B. Eur. parts 23, 24, note. 

 Pratincola robustior, Marsh, Str. F. 1875, p. 331. 



Adult male (type of species). General colour above black, the 

 rump-feathers greyer, with white tips, adjoining the upper lail- 

 coverts, which are pure white ; sides of neck white, almost forming 

 a collar round the hind neck, the lateral feathers of which are white 

 tipped with black ; scapulars black, with sandy brown edges ; wings 

 black, with a large white patch, formed of the innermost of all the 

 coverts (lesser, median, and greater), together with the bases of all 

 the secondaries, which are also tipped with white ; primary-coverts 

 and base of primaries white, forming a large alar speculum ; secon- 

 daries with narrow margins of sandy brown, more narrow on the 

 primaries ; tail-feathers black, white at the base, but concealed by 

 the upper tail-coverts ; the outer feather a little browner towards 

 the tip, the outermost narrowly edged with light brown along the 

 outer web : sides of face, cheeks, and ear-coverts black ; throat and 

 sides of neck white ; fore neck and breast orange-chestnut, the ab- 

 domen and under tail-coverts buffy whitish, the sides of the body 

 washed with pale orange-chestnut ; wing-covei'ts black, narrowly 

 edged with white ; axillaries white with black bases ; quills blackish 

 below, broadly white at the base of the inner webs, forming a large 

 patch of white on the inner face of the wing. Total length 6-3 

 inches, culmen 0-55, wing 3"55, tail 2-5, tarsus 1-1. 



Hab. Eastern Himalayas. 



a. (S ad. sk. Nepal. B. H. Hodgson, Esq. [P.]. 



(T^'pe of species. ) 



4. Pratincola borbonica. 



Motacilla borbonica, Bory de St. Vincent, Beyfr. Naturg. Mascar. 



p. 152. 

 Pratincola borbonica, Schl. P. Z. S. 18G6, p. 422 ; Grand. Rev. et 



Maq. de Zool. 18157, pp. 88, 359; Schl. et Poll. Fanne Madag. 



Ow. p. 94; Sharpe, P.Z.S. 1870, p. 394; Ihrsser, B. Fur. pts. 



23, 24, note; Hartl. Vog. Madag. p. 119. 



Adult male. General colour above dark earthy brown or choco- 

 late, slightly varied with centres of more blackish brown ; the lower 

 back and rump slightly washed with rufous, the upper tail-coverts 

 decidedly more rufesoent : tail blackish brown, the feathers margined 



